The '■^AiKjen'''' -Gneiss Area. — Luquer (uid Ries. 241 
On the northern edge of the area the rock is rather fine- 
grained and its structure approaches closely to the normal 
gray gneiss of the region (Nos. and 4). The *'augen"-gneiss 
is to be seen at the foot of Baylis' cliff (19), apparently un- 
derlying the ordinary gray gneiss and dipping Bo'^-lO*^ to the 
northwest. 
Along the northwestern edge of the area (Xos. 50 and 57) 
man}'- garnets may be noticed and on the north and southwest 
edges rather dark gray hornblende-schists occur. In the field 
these schists appear very similar to a darker phase of the 
Fordham gneiss, but subsequent investigation may prove them 
to have the origin suggested by F. J. H. Merrill for similar 
hornblendic rocks found in Westchester Co., which he sup- 
posed to be altered diabase and diorite dikes.* 
On the road from Bedford to Long Ridge and at Nos. 8, 11 
and 13, the best examples of the "augend-gneiss are to be 
obtained. 
Near the southern edge of the area, by the Connecticut 
state line, the rock grades into a moderately fine-grained 
granitic type, which the microscope shows to be simply a 
more crushed phase of the "augen"-gneiss, while on the east- 
ern edge of the area the Fordham gneiss again appears, but 
no passage from one to the other is seen. 
There are marked evidences within this region of violent 
dynamic action, as shown by crumplings in the gneiss, pinch- 
ing out of the *'augen" and shearing phenomena. This is 
further substantiated by the microscopical examination of 
the specimens. 
A remarkably good example of the wavy lamination of the 
, gneiss can be seen in the Ferris cliff' on the Banksville road, 
just south of the Bedford township line. The cliff' lies east 
of the road and is about .30 ft. high, with a ver}^ steep slope 
leading up to the bottom. The local monoclinal folding of 
the dark gray gneiss is well shown in the face of the cliff', the 
laminations are very distinct and tiic gneiss is jointed to a 
marked degree. The feldspar and quartz are scattered 
through the gneiss in more or less granular veinlets. Near 
the upper portion of tlie clifi' there appears quite a broad band 
*Amer. Jour. Sci. (,3). xxxi.x. 383, 1890. 
