380 The American Geologist. December, i896 
the little settlement of Unianak, on an island in the large 
Umanak fiord, lat. 70^ 40'. From (his as a base extended 
trips were made by boat to the head of Karajak tiord, where 
the two Karajak glaciers were studied in detail, as well as 
some of the smaller ones, and brief observations made upon 
all along this fiord, and also to the head of Itivdliarsuk fiord, 
where brief observations were made upon the several glaciers 
there. From Karajak fiord visits were made to the edge of 
the inland ice in two places, and a single trip was made vipon 
its surface inland to a distance of perhaps fifteen miles be- 
yond the nearest exposed land. Returning to Umanak, the 
l)arty was taken on board the "Hope" on its return from the 
north, on September 9; and after brief stops along the Nug- 
sauk peninsula and at Godhaven, sailed direct for Cumberland 
sound, off which ice was again encountered which caused a 
delay of two days before entrance could be made to the 
sound. Two days were then spent in visits to Niantilik and 
Black Lead island. The latter place was left on Sept. 19, no 
ice was met with and but few bergs, and Sydney was reached 
on Sept. 26, with all the members of the various parties in 
good health. 
Evidences of former extension of glacial action. At Tur- 
navik, on the Labrador coast, the whole country is well round- 
ed to the highest summits,' giving fine roches montonnees in 
many instances. Striae are well preserved for some distance 
above sea-level, but weathering has caused them to disappear 
from the higher elevations. Furrows are numerous at all 
elevations, some of whicli are strongly curved, in direction. 
The motion of the former ice-sheet was about northeast, 
nearly normal to the coast line. Erratics are rare, if not en- 
tirely wanting, the few boulders present seeming to be due to 
local decomposition. 
The coastal area of Labrador, from Turnavik to cape Chid- 
ley, as seen from the vessel, has, in general, the rounded 
appearance of a glaciated regioif. In the vicinity of cape 
Mugford, lat. 58° 30', Table hill. White Bear island, and the 
Kig-la-pait mountains, 2,000 feet high, all appearance of 
rounding is lost when seen directly off shore, and only sharp 
peaks or serrated edges are seen, giving the impression that 
the country here has never been overridden by an ice-sheet. 
