372 The Atnerican (ieohj<jist. DocL'inber, is9.") 
laceous sliales with beds of arenaceous shale, sandstone and 
shell-conglomerate as secondary features. The}^ have a raaxi- 
nium thickness of at least 125 feet on the Medicine Lodge 
river in Kiowa county, and of 150 feet on Blutf creek in Clark 
county. 
Tliey have not been observed by the writer west of the wall 
that separates Little Basin from Big Basin in the western 
part of Clark county, where occurs a remnant, much reduced 
in thickness by erosion and well exposed only in the Little 
Basin side of that wall. In the walls of Big Basin generally, 
the Loup Fork Tertiary rests directly upon the Big Basin 
sandstone, or with only local, well nigh vanished remnants of 
tlie Belvidere beds between it and the latter. On the lower 
part of Crooked creek, in Meade county, the Kiowa shales are 
lacking, fresh-water Neocene sediments there resting upon a 
somewhat degraded surface of the Kiger. It is possible that 
a remnant of these shales may be found a little west of Big 
Basin, on upper-middle drainage of Big Sandy creek, only the 
head of one western branch of which has been seen by the 
writer. 
They occur at Mount Tucumcari, New Mexico ; at Kent and 
many other localities in Texas, including probably the vicin- 
it_y of Tascosa in the "Panhandle :" in the Choctaw Nation, 
and in Oklahoma: the Oklahoma ami Panliandle occurrences 
being small remnants. 
The following list excludes a number of erroneous identifi- 
cations reported in earlier writings and some merely manu- 
script names, but includes all of the forms that the writer now 
recognizes as belonging to the 
FAUNA OF THE KIOWA SHALES. 
TiirerfcJirala . — ,5 I Species. 
EitiilUiHti'i- sp. (Fragments; fide Cardifo bclridci-ciiHia Crag. 
Clark per Stanton.) Canliiiiu L(()tsaseitse Meek. 
Nereis incognita Cragin. Cardiiun ? iiiiidgei Crag. 
Polyzoan; gen. et sp. ind. Protocavdium texaninu Con. 
Liiiijidif. sp. Roudaii-id seciirifonnis Crag. 
Oat rea franklin i Coquaud. Tape.s Itelviderennis Crag. 
Ostrea qtiadrnjilicata Shumard. Cijprimeria texaiia Roein., var. ki- 
Ostrea snborata Shuni. oircuia Crag. 
Grijphcea pitcher i Morton, \ar. Tellina ? .s|j. 
nn-mcri Marcou. Leptosole n otU'ivimis Crag. 
