lievieir oj' llei'tiif Geoloijical Litcrat iirc. 393 
In the first part, treating of the air, the ovitlines of the fast advancin"- 
science of meteorology are presented, with a chapter on the geographic 
distribution of animals and plants as dependent chiefly on climatic con- 
ditions. The second part treats of the ocean, its abyssal deposits, its 
faunas in varying depths, and its waves, currents, and tides. In the 
remaining third part, which occupies''more than half of the book, the 
land is considered. All the chapters of this part, relating to the crust 
of the earth, denudation, topographic features, river valleys, deltas 
floodplains. lakes, glaciers, the]^coast line, ijlateaus and mountains, 
volcanoes, earthquakes, and geysers, and the relationship of man and 
nature, are very instructively and attractively arranged. The whole 
field is view^ed, and its lessons are stated, from the standpoints not 
merely of the geographer, but likewise of the geologist, with due regard 
to the common ground of geomorphology, where the earth's present 
surface features are shown to have come through long antecedent stages 
of gradual development by geologic conditions and agencies. 
The abundant illustration by charts and diagrams, and especiallv hv 
the admira?jle " half tone " engraving in its clear copies of photographs 
with all their fidelity to the truth, well exemplifies the recent great pro- 
gress in this important auxiliary for imparting school instruction. The 
pupil finds at the end of each chapter a short list of the most useful 
books to be sought in libraries for further pursuit of that portion of the 
subject ; but both teachers and students are urged to supplement the 
study of the text book by field excursions and observaticm. w. u. 
Tlte Lakes of North Ajiiou'ca : A reading les.soa for students of 
GeograpJiij and Geology. By Israel C. Russell. (Pages xi, 125, with 
23 plates, and 9 figures in the text. Ginn & Co., 1895.) The six chap- 
ters of this interesting and convenient reference book for schools, 
colleges, and general readers, are (1) origin of lake basins, in which the 
author follows mainly the classification of Davis ; (2) movements of lake 
waters and the geological functions of lakes : (3) topography of lake 
shores, nearly as in the classical work on lake Bonneville by Gilbert, to 
whom this book is dedicated : (i) relation of lakes to climatic conditions; 
(5) the life histories of lakes : and (6) studies of special lacustral his- 
tories, including the Pleistocene lakes of the Laurentian basin, the 
glacial lake Agassiz in the Winnijjeg basin, and the Pleistocene lakes 
Bonneville and Lahontan in the present Great Basin of interior drainage 
within the broad Cordilleran mountain belt. Excepting occasional 
typographic errors, mostly unimportant, the work is excellently done 
by an avithor who has contributed much original investigation in this 
field by his work for the U. S. Geological survey in explorations of lake 
Lahontan, the formerly higher stages of lake Mono, and many other 
smaller Pleistocene lakes due to a more moist climate in the Cordilleran 
region than that of the present time. w. r. 
Characteristics of the Ozark Mointtains. By C. R. Keyes. (Mis- 
souri Geol. Survey, vol. viii, pp. 319-.'ij2. Jefferson City, 1895. ) This 
paper is in the main a sunimai-y (jf what is known regarding th(> Ozark 
