304 'The AiHcricdii Geolonist. Ndvcni her, 1x95 
SECTION OF THE EOCENE AT OLD PORT CADDO 
LANDING, HARRISON COUNTY, TEXAS. WITH 
NOTES UPON A COLLECTION OF PLANTS 
FROM THAT LOCALITY, BY 
F. H. KNOWLTON.* 
By 'I'. Wayland VAUGHAX,.\Vasliinirt()ii, 1). ('. 
The occurrence ot" fossil plants at Port Caddo landing" and 
the interesting- section seen there have tor a good many years 
been known to tlie writer. In the summer of hSSS he made a 
collection of plants, which, still unstudied, are now in tlie 
museum of Tulane University at New Orleans. In the summer 
of 1894, acting under instructions from Mr. Robert T. Hill, the 
writer had the opportunity of again visiting the locality and 
making a collection of plants for the U. S. Geological Survey. 
Tlie following is a descri])tion of the section, from the cor- 
ner of McCathern's field west to the landing on the south side 
of the road, beginning at the toj) : 
1. Irregularly stratified sands and clay. al)ont 10 feet. 
Above this bed in the vicinity red sands occur. 
2. Reddish nearly pure quartz sands, sometimes cross-l;)ed- 
ded ; limonitic geodes and fossil wood abundant. 50 feet. 
3. A zone intermediate between 2 and 4, 10 or 15 feet thick. 
Ill sands coming just lielow 2 are water- worn boulders of clay 
or of laminated clay and sand. The boulders vary in size from 
that of a pea to that of a man's head. In the lower part of 
this bed are broken and contorted masses of clay, which ma}' 
attain a size of several feet in length n\\{\ a foot in thickness. 
The stratification planes of the separate masses of clay are 
set at all angles. There are also interlocking tongues of clay 
and sand. Below this zone of distur])ance a sand bed was 
seen. 
4. Interbedded sands and clays; stratification, so far as 
seen, regular. The clay is of a bluish color, and the sand graj'- 
ish. One small lignite seam was observed. 'J'hickness 55 to 
60 feet. 
5. Poor lignite, 2 feet. fre(iu('ntly replaced l)y iron ore, iron 
sandstone or impure limestone. Tliese masses of limestone of- 
ten appear like huge boulders, but upon close inspection their 
origin may be discovered easily. They are only replacements 
*Published by ])erniission of the Director of the U. S. Geological 
Surve) . 
