Eoctitc at Old Povt Caddo Landing. — V aiighan. 305 
of the carbonaceovis matter of the lignite. From the iron 
sandstone and limestone masses many excellently preserved 
fossil plants were collected. From this stratum the plants 
identified by Prof. Knowlton were obtained. 
6. Thinly laminated bluish clay and sand, to water's edge, 
13 feet. The section has a slight southerly dip. The meas- 
urements were made with an aneroid barometer. 
A few yards to the north of the road leading from the cor- 
ner of McCathern's lield to the landing, in a ravine near Bon- 
ner's spring, the folloAving is seen: 
1. Red clay, 8 or 4 feet. 
2. Gray, blue or whitish sand, with some clay, containing 
water-worn boulders of laminated sand and clay, 15 feet. 
These boulders upon being split reveal good impressions of 
leaves. 
8. Blue clay, a few inches. 
4. Lignite, 4 feet. 
Two of this section represents 8 oi' the first section. 
The interesting part of the above section, aside from the 
plants, is the interpretation of the phenomena seen in 8 of the 
first section and 2 of the second. There has certainly been 
some erosion. Is it only a local unconformity, or do the sands 
with the boulders, etc., at the base represent what Mr. McGee 
has called the Columbian stage? After studying all that he 
could find at Port Caddo the writer was not able to reach a 
positive conclusion, but from the sands apparently passing 
below other stratified clays, of P^ocene type, he is inclined to 
believe that we have an instance of local unconformity in the 
Eocene. Until the stratigraphy can be studied in more detail 
a positive opinion cannot be expressed. 
Near Jonesville, Texas, rounded boulders of lignite have 
been found by Dr. Otto Lerch* and the author. 
Around Port Caddo the sui)erficial sands give the character 
to the topogra])hy of the country. These sands erode very 
easily and steej) ridges with round lateral lobes, separated by 
deep gulches, are formed. The vegetation is pine. Often the 
sands of the surface are indurateil by ferruginous cement into 
iron sandstone of a good quality. This sandstone constitutes 
a resisting stratum that caps the hills, below it precij)it()us 
slopes and deep gulches being developed. 
*Report Gfol. Hills. N. La., pt. ii, p. 87. 
