Anticline in Southern Minnesota. — Foerste. 369 
of the Lorraine. Even if the Richmond continues to decrease 
southward in Madison, Garrard and Lincohi counties it is 
probably not entirely absent in any of these counties although 
fossils may be extremely difficult to find. It was only by ac- 
cident that the fossils in the Richmond west of Spencer were 
discovered. Even in the immediate neighborhood of Spencer 
the beds at the same horizon failed to reveal any fossils. It is 
therefore extremely probable that in the immediate vicinitv 
of the Clinton outcrops in Madison, Garrard and Lincoln coun- 
ties, the upper part of the rock included by various authors 
in the Cumberland sandstone belongs to the Richmond, while 
the sections at a greater distance consist chiefly or entirely of 
the top of the Lorraine. 
E. The Saluda or Madison bed. 
The bed described as the Madison bed* in the Indiana 
reports forms the top of the Richmond section. It includes 
all the material overlying the coral beds, the latter forming the 
base. These beds usually consist of large numbers of Colnui- 
naria alvcolata, Coliininaria halH, and Calopoecia cribifoniiis. 
The name Madison bed has been utilized also by other writ- 
ers for other beds. To these authors must be conceded the 
priority of usage. It is therefore considered desirable to 
change the name of the beds at the top of the Richmond, hith- 
erto called the Madison beds ; the same Saluda bed is therefore 
introduced, taken from Saluda creek, 6 miles south of Han- 
over, Indiana. While the coral bed is practically absent along 
Saluda creek, the section nevertheless is sufficiently distinct 
to enable any one to draw the line between the nearly unfossil- 
iferous base of the Saluda bed and the richly fossiliferous 
beds of the Richmond immediately beneath. While the name 
may be taken from another locality, the typical exposures 
must ever remain those at Madison, since nature in distribut- 
ing her most typical exposures has not always followed the 
laws of geological nomenclature. 
* 21st Annual Rep. Indiana Survey, 1897. 
