Reviezv of Recent Geological Literature. 49 
"5. In terms of paleontology, the fauna as a whole is the Intiimcs- 
cens fauna, for it is permeated throughout, in the development of both 
of its geographic elements, with goniatites of the type of Manticoceras 
intumesccns and their normal accompaniments. 
"6. The uniformity of expression of the fauna as a whole through- 
out its world-wide manifestation is its most noteworthy character and 
is without parallel. 
"7. By the letting down of the old Mississippian land barrier, which 
guided the Middle Devonic (Hamilton) fauna from the far south into 
the Appalachian gulf, the Intumescens fauna entered this region from 
the northwest, and the proximal part of the path of its migration lies 
buried beneath Lake Erie." 
The Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Marine Pliocene and Pleis- 
tocene of San Pedro, California, by R.vlph Arnold. (Mem. Cali- 
fornia Acad. Sci., Vol. ill, June, 1903.) 
This monograph of the faunas of these later Tertiary beds of the 
California coast is based upon a large mass of material and is well 
wrought out. 
The interest to the general paleontologist is found in the conclusions 
drawn by the author from comparison of the faunas with living faunas 
along the Pacific coast and with each other. 
The horizons recognized are the Merced series, mostly Pliocene, and 
the lower and the upper Sa)i Pedro of Pleistocene age : 
From the Pliocene beds 87 species were obtained; of these 63.1 per 
cent are now living on the coast of San Pedro. Of the whole fauna 
18.5 per cent are species now living only north of San Pedro, and none 
are now found south of this point. 
287 species are reported from the lower San Pedro beds Pleistocene, 
Of these 64 per cent are living at San Pedro, 17.4 per cent only, north, 
and 3.2 per cent only, south of San Pedro. 
Of the 252 ispecies obtained frorp the upper San Pedro beds 68.2 per 
cent are living, 6.1 per cent live only north and 14.2 per cent only south 
of San Pedro. The author concludes from these facts that the climate 
has been changing from Pliocene to the present time, and that it was 
much colder than now during later Pliocene time along the coast of 
California. In Pleistocene time the tropical climatic conditions advanced 
northward, until in later Pleistocene the climate was more tropical at 
San Pedro than at present, though not extremely tropical. 
The author describes (and figures many of them) 408 species; some 
excellent reproductions of photographic views of the beds and coast 
are given. The work was executed under the supervision of professor 
J. P. Smith of Leland Stanford University, and does credit both to the 
author and the- planner of the investigation. h. s. w. 
Geological Results of the Study of the Tertiary Fauna of Florida. 1886- 
1903. W. H. D.\LL. (Extracted from the Transactions of the Wag- 
ner Free Institute of Science. Philadelphia, Vol. 3, part 6. pp. 1541- 
1620. 1903.) 
