126 The American Geologist. February, i904. 
On the white chalk of the Tullstorp region and the two moraines be- 
tween zvhich it is imbedded. An argument in the intcrglacial con- 
troversy, * By Nils Olof Holst. (Sveringes Geologiska Undersok- 
ning Ser. C. Afhandlingar och uppsatser N :o 194. Stockholm, 1903) 
111 the region of Tullstorp in Skone, Sweden, a deposit of white 
chalk has given rise to a considerable industry. Numerous borings 
for the purpose of ascertaining the available quantity of this material, 
but recently made, prove that this chalk is not in place as was for- 
merly supposed by Angelin, Lundgren, Jonsson, Moberg, Dames and 
others. The evidence furnished by the drift proves it to consist of 
enormously large blocks, some of which measure 850x300x15 meters, 
all imbedded in glacial drift. 
The country rock is Saltholm chalk, a younger formation than 
the white chalk. The former, however, is here met with at no less 
depth than 33 to 70 meters, while the older white chalk comes up 
within a couple of meters under the surface. This white chalk appears 
fairly pure and imdisturbed. On closer examination, however, it is 
often found to be fractured into small, cubical pieces, its layers of 
flint are crushed, beds of clay within the chalk are somewhat flexed 
and kame and till occur here and there, sometimes these are forced 
way down into the body of the deposit. More remarkable yet is the 
occurrence of pieces of antlers belonging to Cervus elaphus, the red 
deer, often seen in the otherwise pure ahalk. In two instances these 
were found at a depth of six meters. 
The huge blocks of white chalk rest on the ground moraine and in 
a few instances they are also covered by the same. Generally, however, 
they are overlaid bj' the upper moraine and by fluvio-glacial deposits. 
These occurences are coordinated with the much discussed phe- 
nomena on the islands of Moen and Riigen and those at Finkenwalde 
and with the numerous blocks found quite frequently in the glacial 
deposits of northern Germ.any. As an analogous formation the author 
regards the secondary appearance of the Cyprina-clay which, for va- 
rious reasons, partly quoted from Johnstrup's treatise, he pronounces 
decidedly preglacial. 
_ Dr. Hoist considers his paper an argument against interglacialism, 
for the following reasons. The white chalk at Tullstorp appears under 
similar conditions as many of the so-called intcrglacial deposits, that is 
those enclosed by two moraines. If sudh moraines were ground-mo- 
raines belonging to two distinct glacial periods, it would be correct to 
regard the white chalk deposit as intcrglacial. But the author holds 
that the lower moraine only is a true ground moraine and that the 
upper one is an inner moraine issued from the lower portion of the 
inland ice. The two moraines diflfer so much in character and struc- 
ture that if the lower one be regarded as a ground moraine the upper 
one must be of a different type. He discusses the dissimilarities of 
* Om Skrifkritan i Tullstorptrakton och de bi.da moriiner, i hvilka 
den ar inbilddad — Ett inlagg i interglacialfragan. 
