2^2. The American Geologist. ^^y- i904. 
tion of an editorial criticism of Mr. Frank Carney's paper by 
professor Fairchild* in which it is evident that the cause for 
the criticism is the failure oh the part of professor Fairchild 
to recognize some of these facts, with which, however, Mr. 
Carney was familiar. 
Upland Valleys: The upland valleys of the Finger Lake 
plateau region are mature in form ; but there are numerous 
evidences of rejuvenation, especially in the presence of steep- 
ened valley walls, now on one side, now on the other. The 
region of the present divide between the mature upland valleys 
of the Oswego and Susquehanna drainage systems is far more 
rugg'ed than the upland to the north ; but by reason of drainage 
changes this rugged divide is, in a number of cases, crossed 
by streams from north of the divide. It is one of these. Fall 
creek, that Mr. Carney described in the articlef criticised by 
professor Fairchild. Some of these stream diversions are 
apparently due to causes related to the ice invasion; others 
have earlier date and may have relation to land tilting and 
headwater erosion. A glance at a map made by combining 
the topographic sheets of the region is sufHcient to show a 
marked southward trend to valleys now tributary to the north - 
flowing main valleys of the Finger lakes, — for example 
Salmon and Fall creeks, tributary to Cayuga valley ; several 
small tributaries to Seneca valley ; and the two arms of Keuka 
and Canandaigua lakes, to mention only a few of the many 
instances. 
It would be possible to offer hypotheses to account for these 
and other phenomena presented by the upland valleys, and 
several working hypotheses are being followed in the field 
work ; but since the facts at present at hand are not sufficient 
to verify any one hypothesis, little of profit would result from 
their statement. Suffice it to say, therefore, that the drainage 
history of the Finger Lake region has been complex and is 
still unsolved. 
Hanging Tributary Valleys: Where these upland valley's 
approach the main valleys now occupied by Cayuga and Sen- 
eca lakes they are hanging well above the bottoms of the main 
valleys. This may be illustrated by Fall creek, to which 
* AMER. Geol., TOl. xxxiii, 1904, pp. 43-4-5. 
t fournal of School Geography, vol. ii, 1903, pp. 115-12-t. 
