Beaches on Islands in Georgian Bay. — Conistock. 317 
spits, etc., arc well developed and follow each other closely On 
all profiles, but one, which were followed on the island, the Nip" 
issing beach was clearly marked at a hight of fifty-eight to sixty 
feet above the bay which would be its proper altitude accepting 
its hight at Midland as fifty feet and using Spencer's ratio 
of increase in hight towards the north. Other prominent 
beaches were noticed at 11, 18, 43, 84, 129, and 143 feet above 
the bay, besides several less prominent ones. A series of four 
small ridges was found lying between 129 and 143 feet. 
On the exposed western side of the island the surface of the 
ground drops precipitously from the level of the hill top to a 
boulder pavement at from fifty to seventy feet below the top at 
different points. From this pavement the slope falls away uni- 
formly and gradually to the water's edge nearly half a mile 
away. The surface of this gradual slope is so thickly strewn 
with boulders as to make the travelling quite difficult. On the 
line of the profile shown in Fig, 2 a slight ridge at thirteen feet 
above the bay seems to mark an old shore line and was the only 
break noticed in the uniform slope from the hill to the water 
on the western side of the island. 
Figs. 2 and 3 show two profiles of Giant's Tomb island. 
The vertical bights are exaggerated to five times the horizontal 
distances. 
Fig. 2 is along a line from southeast to northwest across 
the widest portion of the island, and near the northern end of 
the hill, whose highest point on this line is 138 feet, marked 
by a slight ridge of sand indicating an old water level. 
Fig. 3 is on a line nearly parallel to that of Fig. 2, but at the 
south end of the hill whose slope the line ascended somewhat at 
an angle instead of directly as in Fig. 2. On this line the suc- 
cessive beaches are shown very clearly, seven being noticed 
between the Nipissing level and the highest point of the line — 
172 feet above the bay. 
The third island examined was Tomahawk island quite near 
the mainland and opposite the northern end of Beausoleil isl- 
and. Tomahawk is a characteristic rocky island about three 
quarters of a mile long in its greatest length and rising to 
fifty or sixty feet above the bay. 
The rocky formation of the island would largely prevent a 
short-lived water level from leaving very prominent records of 
