6 The American Geologist. July, i89j' 
1859. Honorary Member Historical Society of Iowa. 
1859. Honorary Member Acad. Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 
1856. Honorary Member of the Historical Society of Wisconsin. 
1859. Honorary Member of Cleveland Nat. His. Society. 
i860. Honorary Member of Historical Soc. of New Mexico. 
1871. Chairman of Sec. B., Am. Assn. Adv. Sciences. 
1872. Delegate of Agl. & Mechl. College of Missouri to represent 
it at the Convention at Washington City. 
1872. Degree of M. D. from the Missouri Medical College. 
1872. Degree of LL. D. from Missouri State University. 
1866. Member of Essex Institute. 
1866. Honorary Member of Maryland Historical Society. 
1889. Fellow of the American Geological Society. 
1891. Membre Congres Geologique International. 
THE GREAT ICE-DAMS OF LAKES IVIAUIVIEE, 
WHITTLESEY AND WARREN. 
By Frank Bdrsley Taylor, Fort Wayne, Ind. 
(Plates II and III.) 
CONTENTS. Page 
Introduction 6 
Retreat of the Ice-sheet 7 
Theoretical Relation of Ice-dams, Outlets and Beaches 9 
Moraines of Recession in the Lake Basins 12 
Erie-Ontario Series 12 
Erie-Huron Series 15 
Location and Dimensions of the Ice-dam at its Several Halting 
Places 17 
Defiance Dam 17 
Toledo-Newburg Dam 17 
Detroit-Euclid Dam 18 
Port Huron-Go wanda and Saginaw Dams 19 
Alcona-Hamburg Dam 20 
Hagenville-Alden Dam 20 
Lockport Dam 20 
Albion Dam 20 
Solidity of the Ice-lobes 21 
The Ice-dammed Lakes 23 
Lake Maumeo, (first stage) 25 
Lake Maumee , (second or two-outlet stage) 25 
Lakes Whittlesey and Saginaw 27 
Lake Warren 28 
Significance of the Ubly Channel 32 
Conclusion 35 
» 
Introduction. 
During the retreat of the ice-sheet across the region of the 
Great Lakes their natural courses of drainage were temporarily 
obstructed. The glacier ice was so thick and solid that, al- 
