The Devonian System in Canada. — Wliiteavcs. 221 
Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada for that year, 
Dr. Matthew says of the Little River group (which includes 
the plant-bearing beds near St. John) that he has "recently 
found some reason to suspect that these beds are as old as 
Silurian." And, as already stated in connection with this 
phase of the Devono-Carboniferous problem in Nova Scotia, 
both Mr. White and Mr. Kidston, on the evidence of their 
plant remains, have independently and quite recently expressed 
the opinion that the plant-bearing beds near St. John are the 
exact ecjuivalents of the Riversdale series of the Nova Scotia 
Carboniferous. 
In northern New Brunswick an area of gray shale (with 
Psilophyton) and conglomerates, which are regarded as of 
Devonian age, on the east side of the St. John river, near the 
mouth of the Beccaguimic, is indicated in a map accompany- 
ing Dr. Ells' "Report on the Iron Ore Deposits of Carleton 
County," in the "Report of Progress of the Geological Sur- 
vey of Canada for 1874-75." Dr. Ells, also, in the "Report 
of Progress" of the same survey for 1879-80, says that areas of 
Devonian rock are "seen at intervals along the lower Resti- 
gouche river," and that they "form a synclinal basin extending 
from near the town of Dalhousie westward to a point about 
two miles above Campbellton and terminating on the south 
side of the river at Old Mission point." This report is de- 
scriptive of explorations made in 1879, ^^^d in it the Devonian 
age of the rocks at Campbellton is assumed exclusively on the 
evidence of a few fossil plants (i. e., two species of Psilophyton, 
one of Lycopodites and one of Cordaites) that had been identi- 
fied or described by Sir William Dawson. The remarkable 
fish-fauna at Campbellton was not discovered until June 2y, 
1881, but it will be more convenient to consider it later on, 
in connection with the equally notable fish-fauna discovered in 
1879, on the opposite side of the lower Restigouche river at 
Scaumenac bay in the province of Quebec, as the two locali- 
ties are only about sixteen miles apart. Another area of De- 
vonian rocks in the northern part of the province is that on the 
Upsalquitch river discovered by Dr. Ells in 1879 ^"<^1 described 
also in the 1879-80 report. 
