Arcliccological Notes on Minnesota. — HcrsJiey. 285 
to two periods of time, by a circumstance which I shall men- 
tion later. It is the purpose of this paper to present evidence 
on this subject, and I shall, therefore, go into the matter 
somewhat minutely. 
In the town of Little Falls^, on the north side of the main 
east-west street, just east of the bridge, street grading has 
exposed the following section, beginning at the top : 
1. Surface stratum of fine gravel, containing blue-flowered 
and other old-style crockery ware in fragments, win- 
dow and bottle glass, many pieces of cliarcoal, bones, 
teeth, rustv ware, scjuare iron nails, and other modern 
town debris, but no quartz. 
2. Black, sandy soil (original surface), white quartz 
fragments 3 inches 
3. Brown, sandy loam, exposed 2 feet 
Nos. 2 and 3 contain large ciuantities of sharply angular 
quartz fragments, mostly of the "flake" variety. The pottery 
v.are belonging to the time of the present generation is some- 
what plentiful in the streets in some portions of the town, and 
is usually of white color and modern patterns. No. i stratum 
evidently belongs to an early date of this town's history. The 
white cjuartz fragments in the soil below are older, evidently 
pre- Anglo-Saxon. 
Close to the east end of the dam which has been built on 
the ledges of rock which formed the original falls or rapids, 
the surface portion of the glacial sand-plain or terrace is ex- 
ceedingly well supplied with sharply angular quartz frag- 
ments, which, however, decrease in nimibers as we proceed 
away from the vicinity of the rapids. These appear to be con- 
fined to the upper tw^o or three feet of the sandy loam, and are 
particularly abundant in the thin black soil layer. Below the 
dam there intervenes between the foot of the slope which forms 
the escarpment of the sand-plain or Glacial terrace and the river 
a lower flat alluvial plain. This is the Modern or post-Glacial 
flood-plain of the river, and its surface is about ten to twelve 
feet above the ordinary stream-level. It extends back from the 
river several hundred yards in places, and has been laid out 
in streets and built up with houses. A section of its constitu- 
ent strata, exposed at the lower end of the rapids, is as follows : 
1. Incoherent, light brown, sandy loam with black soil at 
surface 3 feet 
