SJiore Development in the Bras (TOr Lakes. — Woodman. 335 
of the nature of bay-head filling and would have straight or 
concave fronts. As it is, they project from the oldland into 
open water in the form of a blunt nose. They have nothing in 
comm.on with pocket beaches, except that the material comes 
from the headlands on either side. 
Their shape, position, structure, and material all indicate 
that they are the result of waves which have struck the head- 
lands at an oblique angle, swept down the shore between them, 
and deposited their load at the apex of the very gentle curve 
which forms the outline of the cove. But this is not done as 
in the growth of a pocket beach. Because of the great breadth 
of the small indentations in proportion to their depth, the wave 
seldom splits on the headland, half running down either flank 
and giving tv;o approaching waves which meet at the center of 
the bay ; but if it splits at all on the headland, the larger part 
will be driven down the leeward side, little remaining to take 
the reflex path to windward. Thus while the wind is in one 
direction the waves transport down one side of the cove, ap- 
parently abandoning their load merely because it cannot be 
carried up the farther side. Yet the change in outline of the 
land at the point where the cape forms is never abrupt ; and 
often, as in the two cases figured, the oldland has an almost 
straight margin. When the wind changes, the same operation 
takes place on the other side of the cove. 
The cases illustrated in the accompanying figures show the 
results of the battle of the winds, which come now up the 
channel, now down. The oldland shore runs east and west, 
and the land to the north rises steeply. The channel, which 
over most of its course is such only in name, is one to two miles 
wide here. On the west, the head of Whycocomagh bay lies 
five miles away. The larger of the two forms (fig. 2) is about 
seventy-five feet east and west. The lines in the figures show 
the positions of successive ridges which mark the increase out- 
ward. 
It will be noted that the growth was at first w-estward, as 
shown by the inner ridges. Whether the outline was ever 
that of a recurved spit it is impossible to say positively; but 
from the general environment and the present method of 
growth, I believe not. It appears rather that in the beginning 
two spits grew toward each other outward, finally meeting 
