Interglacial Fossils. — Coleman. 85 
INTERGLACIAL FOSSILS FROM THE DON 
VALLEY, TORONTO. 
Bj A. P. Coleman, Ph. D.. Prof. Met. and Assaying, School Pract. Sc, Toronto. 
Fossils have been reported from a number of localities in the 
drift deposits of Ontario, those from the extreme east of tin- 
province being chiefly subarctic marine forms, while the spe- 
cies occurring in the center and west are mainly fossil land 
plants and freshwater shells with a few remains of deer, 
beaver and mastodon. Among the more important publica- 
tions in which the Ontario drift fossils are referred to may lie 
mentioned two papers by Prof. Chapman in the Journals of 
the Canadian Institute.* a paper by G. J. Hinde in the same 
journal,! a paper by Dr. R. Bell in the Canadian Naturalist 
and Geologist.* and the account of the superficial geology of 
Canada in the Geological Survey Report for 1863. § In this 
report our superficial deposits are classified as follows: 
i Algorna sand. 
'2. A rtemisia gravel. 
' Saugeen freshwater clay and sand. 
1. Erie clay. 
It is difficult to distinguish these deposits from one another 
in many cases, and there are such wide local variations that 
the classification is not always of value. Where the horizon 
of drift fossils is mentioned, they are generally referred to 
the Saugeen clay and its associated sandy beds or to the sands 
of raised beaches of postglacial formation. In most recorded 
instances the exact geological horizon of the find has not 
been determined, and the fossils may have come from post- 
glacial rather than interglacial deposits. The only cases of 
undoubted interglacial fossils which I have seen reported air 
from Niagara Falls, where Cyclas was found in a sandy loam 
containing striated pebbles, || and from Scarboro' Sights,** a 
few miles east of Toronto, where Mr. Hinde found three dis- 
tinct layers of till with fossiliferous beds of sand and clay be- 
tween the two lower ones. Prom these beds Mi-. Hindi- 
*Vol. vi, pp. 221 and 497, etc. 
tVol. xv, p. 388, etc. 
♦Feb., 1861, p. 42, etc. 
§Vol. for 1863, p. 886, etc. 
Geol. Sur. Can., 1863, p. 902. 
**Glacialand Interglacial Strata of Scarboro' Hights. Jour. Can. Inst. 
Vol. xv, p. 388, etc. 
