<X0 The American Geologist. February, 1894 
obtained three species of diatoms, a Chara, five mosses, spores 
of Lycopodium, pieces of i>ine and cedar wood, portions of 
leaves of rush, etc., and seeds of various plants: as well as 
two or three species of ( "ypris, the elytra of a earabid, a Plan- 
orbis, a Zonites (doubtful). — in all a respectable little flora 
and fauna. 
Fossils have been found frequently in the drift near To- 
ronto. Prof. Hinde mentions the finding of trunks and 
branches of trees imbedded in the overlying yellow clay at 
depths of from ten to twenty feet below the surface;* and 
from the Don valley in the eastern part of the city pieces of 
half carbonized wood, and fragments of shells have been col- 
lected from time to time. They are first mentioned by Prof. 
Chapman j and Dr. Bell,J in 1861, who note the fact that a 
Melania and Unio ellipsis had been found by Dr. B. Workman 
under a deposit of sand about 30 feet above the lake. 
While excavations were in progress for the straightening 
and embanking of the Don numerous fossils were obtained on 
the left bank of the river near the Gerrard street bridge, by Dr. 
Brodie and Mr. J. Townsend. Sir Win. Dawson in 1890 refers 
to the finding of leaves, fragments of wood, and shells of Me- 
lania and Cyclas by the latter collector. g In an appendix to 
the same paper Prof. Penhallow has figured a leaf found by 
Mr. Townsend, describing it as a new species under the name 
of Acer pleistocenicum. || He determined other specimens from 
the same locality as follows, — Asimina triloba, Ulmus race- 
inosa, and Taxus baccata. Mr. Wm. Spry, who was engineer 
in charge of the work during part of the time, informs me 
that there were tree trunks one or two feet through in the 
boulder-clay just above the underlying shale at Jail hill some- 
what north of the bridge. 
Since then a cutting on the Belt Line railway near the Win- 
chester street bridge, half a mile above the previous locality 
and the west side of the river, has a Horded many very fragile 
specimens of Pleurocera, Valvata sincera and Sphserium 
*Geol. Sur. Can., 18G3, p. 904. 
tCan. Jour., Vol. vi, p. 226. 
JCan. Nat. and Geol., Feb., 1861, p. 42. 
§Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. i, p. 315. 
i Idem, p. 328. 
