142 The American Geologist. February, 1894 
mammalian fauna is well adapted, because of the repeated land connec- 
tions between the continents. The isolation of South America produced 
an altogether peculiar fauna and it is well-nigh impossible to determine 
the exact equivalents of its various fresh water Tertiaries. Between 
Europe and North America three points appear to be well established : 
(1) The Wasatch Eocene = the Suessonian; (2) the White River = the 
Oligocene of Rouzon ; (8) the Deep River = the upper Miocene of 
Sansan. 
13. Geology of the Coosa valley in Georgia and Alabama. C. Wil- 
lard Hayes, Washington, D. C. The region described lies between the 
Rome and Cartersville thrust faults. The rocks are from Cambrian to 
Carboniferous, inclusive, and present interesting stratigraphic problems 
in unconformities and wide lithologic variations in contemporaneous 
deposits. The structure has resulted from two or more periods of ep- 
eirogenic activity, in which the forces acted in different directions, prob- 
ably separated by long periods of denudation. 
//. Geological structure of the Housatonic valley lyingeasl of Mount 
Washington, Massachusetts. William H. Hobbs, Madison, Wis. (Read 
by title.) The rocks outcropping within the area are schists and lime- 
stones of Cambro-Silurian age. Prof. J. D. Dana's papers on the area 
have expressed his belief that there is a single limestone horizon and a 
single schist horizon above it. The author shows that here, as in Mount 
Washington, the series is divisible into four members, viz: (a) Canaan 
dolomite, which contains colorless pyroxene and rests conformably on 
Cambrian quartzite; (b) Riga schist, which contains macroscopic garnets 
andstaurolites;(c)Egremontlimestone,without pyroxene; and(d) Everett 
schist, free from garnet and staurolite. The areal geology is unusually 
complicated, due to the pronounced corrugation of the beds along their 
strike as well as in a direction across it. The effect of this has been to 
produce numerous large and small lenticular schist islands within the 
limestone. Notwithstanding the frequent alternations of pitch, the gen- 
eral pitch is north, occasioned by the rise of a core of more ancient rocks 
just south of the area studied. An important strike fault with easterly 
hade has its course along the Housatonic river on the east of the area 
and has been traced about ten miles. This fault partakes of the char- 
acters of both the normal and reversed types, due to the fact that the 
rocks to the east have no pitch while those of the western limb have a 
northerly one. Asa consequence, the eastern limb has been upthrown 
uniformly, while there has been a differential movement of the west- 
ern limb, that to the north of a nodal point having been downthrown, 
while the portion to the south of the same point has been upthrown. 
At a small distance from the nodal point the upthrow of the western 
limb has been greater than that of the eastern limb, thus producing the 
characters of a normal fault. The dislocation has produced m?ta- 
morphism in the beds adjacent to the fault plane. 
]',. The Hibemia fold, New Jersey. J. E. Wolff, Cambridge, Mass. 
A brief description was first given of the general characters of the 
Archean rocks of the New Jersey highlands, and the few distinct varie- 
ties of rock were enumerated. These include gneiss, generally white, 
gray or greenish in color, pegmatite, dark colored basic bands, crystal- 
line limestone and the magnetic ore deposits. The pegmatites and part 
of the dark dioritic bands cut across the gneisses and are probably in- 
trusive. The great uniformity in strike and dip of the foliation of the 
gneisses was mentioned, and the frequent pod-shaped form of the ore 
deposits, the longer axes of which lie in the strike, but incline or "pitch" 
northeast. The fact was emphasized that this "pitch" of the ore bodies 
is widespread in the gneisses, either combined with plane-parallel 
foliation or existing as the only structure in otherwise massive gneisses, 
so that a surface across this structure may appear massive, while on a 
side parallel to it this linear-parallel structure is very distinct. It is 
