Review of Recent Geological Literature. 193 
are newer than the granite and therefore more recent than Middle 
Cambrian. They are regarded as certainly Paleozoic, but whether re- 
ferable to the later Cambrian or possibly to the Carboniferous period, 
which is well represented in the neighboring Narragansett basin, re- 
mains to be determined. 
The Cretaceous System in Canada. By J. F. Whiteaves. Presiden- 
tial address in Trans., Roy. Soc. Canada, section iv, 1893, pp. o-19. This 
is a valuable discussion of the present state of knowledge of the Creta- 
ceous strata in Manitoba and the country extending thence west to the 
Rocky mountains and to the Pacific. Including the L/aramie formation, 
the total number of known species of Cretaceous fossil plantsin Canada 
is 179, and of animal remains 394. Only comparatively small portions, 
however, of the rocks of this system in Canada have been examined in 
detail. 
Note on tin- recent discovery of large Unio-like shells in the Coal 
Measures at the South Joggins, Nova Scotia, By J. P. Whiteaves. 
Trans., Roy. Soc. Canada, sec. iv, 1893, pp. 21-21, with a plate. The spe- 
cies (Asthenodonta westoni) here described and figured was found as- 
sociated with large fragments of Sigillaria and Lepidodendron and 
leaves of Cordaites. It measures nearly 8 inches in length, with a width 
of 3>4 inches. 
Eleventh and Tivelftli Annual Reports of the New York State Geol- 
ogist. These reports, for the years 1891 and 1892, the publication of 
which had been delayed by the burning of the state printing house at 
Albany, have now appeared under the dates of 1891! and 1893. The 
Eleventh report is a royal octavo of 296 pages, the mo6t important part 
of which (169 pages) is "An Introduction to the Study of the Brachio- 
poda, intended as a Handbook for the use of Students,"' by James Hall, 
assisted by John M. Clarke. This has about 100 pages on the dis- 
tribution, habits, anatomy, and development of the brachiopods, which 
are followed by generic diagnoses based largely upon the determina- 
tions made in volume viu, part 1, of the Palaeontology of New York. 
The whole is accomi>anied by 286 zinc-types, 22 lithographic plates, and 
a map showing the distribution of the recent brachiopods. A conclud- 
ing part of the work is to follow in a subsequent report. In addition to 
this paper the report contains a brief statement of the work of the de- 
partment, a list (23 pages) of the fossils in an important donation from 
the Albany Institute, containing many of the originals of Green's 
"Trilobites of North America" and of the cephalopods described in Pal. 
N. Y., vol. i; also an elaborate "List of the original and illustrated 
Specimens in the Pala>ontological Collections; Part 1, Crustacea"' (60 
pages), and a paper "On Cordania, a proposed New Genus of Trilobites,"' 
by John M. Clarke. 
The Twelfth report (8vo., 142 pages) contains, in addition to the re- 
ports of the geologist and paleontologist, a continuation of the list of 
type specimens (Annelida and Cephalopoda, 50 page6) and also the fol- 
lowing: "Notes upon two boulders of a very basic eruptive rock from 
