:$22 The American Geologist. May, i894 
traced westward out Stevenson avenue to the bank of the 
river above the dam, a distance of about two miles. In pass- 
ing northward by train the submerged belt is left try the rail- 
road, which ascends to higher levels, at a distance of about 
seven miles. But afterward several swamps about at the level 
of the beach are crossed on high embankments. To Escanaba 
the road passes most of the way over a typical rolling drift 
country, which has obviously not been submerged. From 
Powers Junction, which is 284 feet above the lake, the rail- 
road descends again eastward and at Narenta enters a swamp 
at an altitude of about 120 feet above the lake. At Pine 
Kidge, about six miles west of Escanaba, there are dunes and 
also sand ridges at about 110 feet, which seem to be the prod- 
uct of wave action, but in the brief time spent in this viein- 
it} r the highest shore line was not definitely located. The 
country around Escanaba presents the same general appear- 
ance as at Menominee. Near Gladstone a steep bluff, gravelly 
and sandy in its upper part, faces Little Hay de TS T oc. Its 
front edge is about 1 10 feet above the lake, and from the ap- 
pearance of its upper surface near the front it seems to be 
the edge of a submerged plain. 
Burnt Bluff. The Garden peninsula which separates Big- 
Bay de Noc from lake Michigan ends at the southwest in a, 
high, precipitous cliff of limestone. Near the top of this hill 
along its north side we found a well-formed beach ridge of 
shingle at an altitude of about 125 feet above the lake and 
with a depression behind it. This ridge faces northward 
over a flat about a quarter of a mile wide and 20 feet lower. 
The outer edge of this flat is bounded by another beach ridge 
which extends like a rampart all along its front. A depres- 
sion extends across the peninsula north of the hill, which 
makes it certain that the hill was an island at the epoch of 
submergence. The surface above the highest beach is com- 
posed of a clay soil, which was not found in exposed places 
below; and the topography is in long, gentle slopes, appar- 
ently of unmodified glacial origin. At 50 feet above the beach 
we had not reached the highest part. 
Smith Bail 1J ill. Passing northward from Burnt Bluff the 
road goes along the shore of a bay, most of the time at an al- 
titude of 30 to 50 feet above it. A number of sandy beach 
