Abandoned Shore Lines of Lake Superior. — Taylor. 375 
terraces themselves, however, are more sandy and gravelly 
than the soil below and are deltas of a small stream. 
Houghton. On the Keweenaw peninsula shore lines were 
seen in a number of places. On the high hillbackof Houghton 
a gravel beach ridge very strongly and clearly developed was 
found on the higher ground back of the Huron mine. It 
extends towards the southwest from some ledges of rock at a 
point where the main road crosses the summit of the hill. The 
form and composition of this beach ridge are typical and its 
altitude above the lake is about 410 feet. Prospectors' holes 
on ground 25 to 30 feet higher show the same composition as 
in the beach. But no distinct shore line form was seen above 
the one mentioned. At one point by the roadside near the 
Huron mine there is a rock surface with Hue glacial grooves and 
some nodules with "ice shadows*' of the softer rock project- 
ing in the direction of the ice motion. The direction was 
found to be N. 75^' or 80° W. (mag.) About two miles farther 
southwest on the Ontonagon road another immense beach ridge 
of gravel was found at about the same altitude. It forms a 
blunt spit projecting to the southwest and incloses a little 
lagoon basin about a hundred yards wide and eight or ten 
feet below the crest of the ridge. 
The road passes down through this hollow and over the 
ridge to the west. We drove still farther out along the 
Ontonagon road to a point about nine miles southwest of 
Houghton. But the whole tract was one dense forest and it 
was impossible to see much of the ground. We crossed a cut 
terrace on an eastern slope, with sandy soil below it, at a level 
closely corresponding with the beaches just described, but 
no beach ridges were seen. 
On the hill back of Hancock terraces were observed at about 
loo. 150, and 200 feet above the lake, and at about 230 feet a 
broad, gravelly terrace and beach ridge. Hut we did not ex- 
amine any of these closely and we saw none higher. Above 
tins, up to about 490 feet, there are water-worn gravels on the 
surface. All these beaches and terraces were exposed to wave 
action from the northeast through the gap over Portage lake 
canal. 
Allouez. In the vicinity <>!' Red Jacket and Calumet we 
did not find satisfactory evidences. In Calumet there is a 
