16 The American Geologist. January, 1002. 
contentions without acrimony, and it won the day completely. 
It was at this meeting that his paper entitled “Buffalo and 
Chicago” was presented, and his book on the “Lake Age in 
Ohio” was published in London and Edinburgh the following 
year. But he had announced his views on the “Preglacial Ori- 
gin of the Great Lakes,” with convincing arguments well sup- 
ported by facts, as early as 1881. 
Professor J. P. Lesley in his Introduction to Dr. Claypole’s 
volume (being Report of Progress, 1885, on his work in Perry 
County, Pennsylvania,) thus summarizes the remarkable work 
accomplished by the latter : 
1. Limitation of the term Clinton to the lower division of 
No. V., First Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. 
2. The consequent establishment of the Onondago for- 
mation as embracing the upper 1600 feet of No. V. 
3. Demonstration of the absence of Niagara beds from 
Perry County. 
4. Demonstration of the absence of Corniferous lime- 
stones, and allotment of hitherto supposed Corniferous to the 
Marcellus division of Hamilton group. 
5. Definition of 600-700 feet of shales as Upper Hamilton, 
Genesee and Portage beds. . 
6. Demonstration of fauna, partly Chemung and partly 
peculiar, high up in the Catskill. 
7. Systematic tracing of Kingsmill sandstone along all 
the Catskill outcrops of the county. 
The reports of other members of the Geological Survey of 
Pennsylvania teem with references to Dr. Claypole’s aid in the 
determination of fossils and in other ways. 
It is very interesting to review the mental history of the 
man throughout the Buchtel period, which was divided into 
well-marked epochs. In the first epoch, from 1883 to 1886, his 
papers were mainly confined to notes and observations on 
phases of his prior work in Pennsylvania. But in closing up 
his volume of facts he was led to generalizations which fore- 
shadowed the next epoch of philosophical discussion, which 
covered the ensuing years to 1890,, inclusive. 
His contributions to science in this second epoch were of 
great value and well repay careful perusal. They cover 
such topics as the materials of the Appalachian mountains, 
