318 Carhoniferous Glaciation, Etc. — White. 
dence contained in the different terranes, that of the verte- 
brates of India being given on the authority of Lydekker.' 
It should be mentioned that Blanford is incHned to correlate 
the Newcastle terrane with the Damuda and Koonap terranes, 
the Hawksbury being considered by him as equivalent in part 
to the Panchet, while, in common with Medlicott and Lydekker, 
he seems disposed to put the glacial horizon slightly lower 
than the position given it by Waagen. None of the authors 
named, except, perhaps, Feistmantel, adopt T. R. Jones' con- 
clusions as to glaciation in the Kimberly formation in South 
Africa. Such a horizon, should the evidence prove conclu- 
sive, would suggest for itself a correlation with the probable 
glaciation of the Hawksbury terrane in New South Wales, 
being regarded as contemporaneous with the change of climate 
in the northern hemisphere at the close of the Permian. 
Possible fui'tlier Geogra'pMcal Extension. — While consider- 
ing the extent of the paleozoic glacial epoch, it remains to add 
the reports of the advance guard of geological exploration, in 
two widely distant territories. 
The first is that of the results of Oldham and Griesbach, in 
the Simla-Himalaya, and in Afghanistan and Turkistan. The 
former, in his work in the Simla-Himalaya,^ was able to indi- 
cate the highly probably identity of the already known Ma- 
handi, Bawar, and Blaini boulder-beds with the Panjal con- 
glomerates, showing that all of them underlie carbonaceous 
beds containing 46 species of invertebrates, of which 17 are in 
the Carboniferous of Europe, 12 in the marine Carboniferous 
of Australia, and 16 in the Productus limestone of the Salt 
Range. The evidence is therefore prima facie in favor of a 
correlation of these boulder-beds with those of the Salt Range 
and the Talchirs. Of still more importance are the discoveries 
made by Mr. Griesbach,^ during the last three years, in the 
more northwestern field, in the course of which he has made 
known the existence, near Herat, and on the border of Turkes- 
1 Ibid., XX, 1887, p. 51. 
Each author reviews the palseontological data and from their papers 
the references to all the orignal palfeontological authorities may be 
obtained. I omit the queries sometimes put after the word "glacial." 
2 Sequence and correlation of the pre-Tertiary sedimentary forma- 
tions of the Simla-Himalaya. Records Geol. Surv. India, xxi, August, 
1888, p. 130, etc. 
3 Afghan Field-notes. Ibid., xvii, 1885, pp. 57, etc. ; xix, 1886, pp. 48, 
etc. ; pp. 235, etc. ; xx, 1887, pp. 17, etc. ; pp. 93, etc. 
