80 The American Geooijist February. 1897 
fi-oni tlie Serra of Obidos tuul the Rio Oyapoek, given liiin l)y 
his friend, Senhor Ferreira Penna, of Para. 
The first mentioned figures, which are exposed only during 
low water, appear to have been rudely chiseled in the rock, a 
hard quartzite, of a dark red or brownish coh^-. The Erere 
drawings have been rudely drawn with a reddish paint, 
though in some instances that of a dirty yellow color, as well 
as the red, has been employed. A great variety of objects 
are represented here: human faces, animals, and probably the 
sun, moon and stars, etc. "I hold it most probable," said 
professor Hartt, in the accompanying text, "that the rock 
painting and sculpturings are made by tribes wliich inhabited 
the Amizonas previous to the Tupi invasion. The sculptur- 
ings are supposed to be older than the paintings. * * I 
think the Erere figures have a deep significance. A people 
who would goto so much trouble as to draw figures of the 
sun and moon high up on cliffs on tops of mountains, must 
have attached a great importance to these natural objects, and 
I think that these figures point to the worship of the sun by 
the tribes which executed them. The clustering of the in- 
scriptions in prominent places, and especially on and in the 
vicinity of the rock tower at Erere, seems to me to indicate 
that these places had something of a sacred character, and 
were often resorted to. Many of the figures seem to be the 
capricious daubings of visitors, as, for instance, the human 
faces, drawn on angular rock projections. Some of the ani- 
mal forms may have had a sacred character." 
'T know of no trace of sun worship among the uncivilized 
Indians of Para to-day, nor do they make rock paintings or 
inscriptions. The greater part of the Brazilian Indians, such 
us the Tupis, the Botocudoes, etc., appear to have no idea of 
God, and no form of worship." 
In the same magazine, for July, he contributed another pa- 
per, entitled "The Ancient Indian Pottery of Marajo, Brazil," 
describing burial jars and idols collected by his assistant, the 
late Dr. William Stebbins Barnard. This article was illus- 
trated with ten figures on wood. 
The second Morgan expedition to the Lower Amazonas was 
undertaken in 1871. The party was a small one. Mr, O. A. 
Derby accompanied the professor as assistant, and at Santa- 
