Geology of the Paget SoiiiuJ Basin. — Kimball. 235 
taceous, or the Paget group of White.* Eeference of strata 
of the lower Columbia basin to the Miocene remains unques- 
tioned. Marine Miocene is identified on Willapa bay. 
The same extensive area south of the 50th parallel is broadly 
denoted by Dr. White as aCi'etaceous margin of the Cascades 
so as to compass the outer limits of known isolated survivals 
of the Coal series, as well as the drift area, but on too minute 
a scale to distinguish the Tejon series, an outcrop of which at 
a single point only had already been identified by this author- 
ity by means of the Blatte collection of fossils. 
Survivals of sedimentary formations and eruptives be3^ond 
the immediate border of the sound, and also in eroded chan- 
nels east of lake Washington, in tlie foot-hills of the Cascades, 
cannot here be detailed. 
In the divide between lakes Washington and Saniamisii, 
the Oilman moiioclinal coal series is uplifted on the north 
flank of an intrusive mass. Several other uplifts, presumably 
of the same series, are exposed to the eastward on the waters of 
Snoqualmie river, together with bold massifs and lesser promi- 
nences of eruptive rock. In the divide between Cedar and Black 
rivers, near Renton, occurs an expanse of coal-bearing strata, 
a deformed and eroded surface of which as above noted is 
overflowed b}'^ volcanic material in bedded form, and litholog- 
ically identical with the spherultic intrusions on the Duwam- 
ish, and probably a part of that plutonic development. The 
schistosity of the overflow produces a striking semblance of a 
sedimentary unconformity. Farther toward the southeast are 
developed several uplifts of coal-bearing strata, mostly mono- 
clinal, constituting the well-known coal areas of upper (^edar 
and Green rivers, together, in most cases, with the usual basal 
accompaniment of eruptive bodies. These, however, are be- 
yond, and at considerable elevations above, the sound, and 
therefore call for no description in the present place. 
Renton is on the edge of the immediate solid border of the 
marine basin and the point at which the Tejon uplift is recog- 
nized nearest the productive coal series, namely, at Brighton 
beach. The locality is at the lower end of lake Washington, 
*Bull. U. S. G. S., No. 84, p. 231; No. 82, p. 197. 
Collections by geologists as follows: Geo. Gibbs (Boundary Commis- 
sion); J. D. Dana (Wilkes Exploring Expedition); John Evans (U. S. G. 
S., Territory of Oregon). 
