Current Action in the Ordorician. — Jiucdonann. 879 
weaker, 2d — that the general direetiou is not, as in the other ex- 
posures, somewhat north of east, but a little (about 10 degrees) south 
of east. 
Other exposures of lower Utica shale were found along "iViJie Mile 
ereek^' from South Trenton to Holland Patent. In a small exposure in 
the village of South Trenton, some layers covered with parallel rhab- 
dosomes of Ctimacograptus typicalis were observed, which gave the 
following readings: N. 80 degrees E., N. 60 degrees E., S. 79 degrees 
E. 
Below the village, the directions in successive layers were: N. 60 de- 
grees E., N. 70 degree's E., N. 40 degrees E., and a little farthei- down a 
layer with N. 75 degrees E. was observed. 
In an exposure near Holland Patent, extending down to the Trenton 
limestone, shale with distinct drift lines of fragments of fossils in N. 76 
degrees E. direction, was observed, underlying a layer with graptolites 
in a N. 70 degrees E. direction; the latter again being overlain by layers 
with graptolites pointing to directions between N. 60 degrees E. and 
N. 70 degrees E. 
The interesting fact which appears in the readings from Nine Mile 
creek is that, though the exposures are farther north than all the other 
localities visited and even north of the southern border of the Archa?an 
region of the Adirondacks, yet the flow that arranged the fossils must 
have come from about N. 70 degrees E. which is the average of the 
readings. 
In Lee'.s Gulf near Turin (Black River region west of the Adiron- 
dacks) lower Utica shale appears not far above the Trenton. Only 
specimens of Enduceras were found besides the heads of Triarihru!>^ 
the former showing no direction. Boulders in the gulf were found to be 
rich in specimens of CliniacograptuH tijpicalin, which also failed to 
show any arrangement at all. 
In the Turin Gulf (along the road to Welsh hill) in the first exposure 
a layer with Climacogi-aptus typicalin and Thamnograptun, and sever- 
al layers with specimens of E'HcZocera.s- were found, none of the fossils 
of which showed indications of arrang(>ment. 
In a small quarry farther up the gulf, numenjus layers containing 
Cli/udcograpfus typircdis were found. None, except one in which the 
majority of the fossils were arranged in a N. 10-20 degrees E. direction, 
showed any arrangement. 
In a third exposure the graptolites were irregularly distributed in all 
layers. 
In a fourth quarry no fossils, but a layer with a mud-flow structure 
was found, indicating a motion of the water from N. 12 degrees E. in 
the Black River region. 
The two localities which the writer had an opportunity to see, gave 
no indications of the presence of a constant tlow of water in the lower 
Utica shale epoch. The two layers with indications of arrangement are 
opposed by too many layers without any arrangement of the fossil to in 
dicate more than an occasional southerly flow of the water. 
