6o (Review of (Recent Geological Literature. 
wanting at Cincinnati. Its absence is affirmed by Orton upon lithological 
grounds, but Ulrich maintains upon pahcontoiogical grounds that it is 
present.' 
Next we note the omission of the Salina group. It was introduced 
by Newberry on the supposition that the gypsum beds near Sandusky 
were between the Waterlime and Niagara. Orton finds them to be 
"buried in the middle, or above tlie middle" of the Waterlime. In New 
York gypsum is found in a similar position in the Salina. 
Next comes the omission of the Oriskany, which never had a secure 
footing in Ohio geology. 
A more radical change appears in placing the Cleveland shale in the 
Devonian instead of the Carboniferous, and massing it with the subjacent 
Erie and Huron shales, giving to the whole the name Ohio shale. All 
this seems to be in the interest of simplicity and accuracy, since the 
former reference of the Cleveland shale to the Carboniferous Avas due 
to its correlation with the Waverly Black shale, designated in the above 
table as Berea shale. 
The addition of this Berea shale is the next change; and the last one 
of any importance; the introduction of the Logan group, is also an ad- 
dition. 
Most of the changes are omissions, and they are commendable as 
tending to simplify the Ohio column, and to render its correlations. with 
other states more obvious. About the propriety of these additions there 
is more doubt. Newberry gave the name Cuyahoga shale to all that 
part of the Waverly above the Berea grit. The right of priority may 
be invoked in protest against setting aside, or largely subtracting from, 
the term as thus defined. It would be more just to the author of that 
term, as well as more simple and lucid, to retain it with all its original 
breadth using Berea shales and Logan shales, sandstones, and conglom- 
erates merely as descriptive subdivisions. 
Newberry was perfectly aware of the existence of the Berea shale, and 
deliberately included it in his Cuyahoga shale. (Ohio reports ii 88). 
He also indicated varying lithological phases of the upper strata of his 
Cuyahoga, (Ohio reports, ii 87) and since there is absolutely no pal?eon- 
tological distinction between the Cuyhoga and the so-called Logan, the 
presence of a conglomerate not distinctly indicated in Newberry's defini- 
tion of the Cuyahoga does not render that definition so defective as to 
justify the complication of new names within the interval originally 
covered by the term Cuyahoga. 
Prof. Orton announces important results in structural geology. The 
Cincinnati anticlinal trends northtvest instead of northeast. Some of the 
sharpest foldings in the state occur in the Northwestern counties, where 
the level surface and heavy cover of drift prevented any suspicion of 
their existence. Orton is a strenuous advocate of the theory that these 
disturbances are essential to oil and gas production. 
1 See this Journal, May, 1888, p. 315. 
