Review of Recent Geological Literature. 429" 
ranges of thought presented by astronomy and geology, and might be ap- 
propriately and profitably reproduced in the pages of the Geologist, but 
we are restricted to a brief statement. Of the fundamental conditions of 
finite existence, space and time, astronomy deals with one and geology 
with the other. The existences of astronomy extend into infinite space;; 
those of geology into infinite time. Astronomy measures her spaces by 
earth-radii; geology her times by earth-cycles. As the astronomer beyond 
the limits of visible worlds, speculates on the existences which dwell in 
the abysses of space beyond, so the geologist when fossils and rocks fail,, 
speculates on the events of abysses of time anterior and posterior. It is the 
privilege of astronomy to demonstrate the unity of God thoroughout all 
space, as it is of geology throughout all time. The sublimity of the dawn 
of the notion of infinite space full of objects, marks the rise of astronomy;; 
that of the dawn of the notion of infinite time full of events, marks the 
use of geology. In their relations to mental culture the two sciences are 
complimentary. Geology has proceeded by long inductive processes to 
principles from which she isbut beginning to reason deductively; astronomy 
has been content to work out deductively the logical consequences of the 
law of gravitation, but in its latest phase she is busily gathering up ma- 
terials for higher generalizations and a new line of deductions. The brief 
address is rich in suggestions. It carries our thoughts back to Dr. Le- 
Conte's memoirs many years since on the " time-worlds " and " space- 
world " of geology and astronomy. 
The Beginnings of American Science. The Third Century. An address 
delivered at the eighth anniversary meeting of the Biological Society of 
Washington, By G. Brown Goode, President of the Society, Washings 
ton, 1888, 8vo. pp. 9-94. (From the Proceedings.) A former address 
traced the progress of scientific activity in America from the time of the 
first settlement by the English, in 1585 to the end of the Revolution. The- 
present one takes up the consideration of the third century — from 1783 
to the present time. It embodies the results of extensive and faithful 
research, bringing contributions and hints from many an unexpected 
source. The two addresses form a convenient embodiment of scientific 
history, for which devotees of science in America owe professor Goode 
many thanks. 
The Coals of Colorado. By Prof. J. S. Newberry, 17 pp. (From the 
" School of Mines Quarterly," July, 1888.) Tlie coal-bearing rocks of Col- 
orado belong mostly to the Laramie group, the upper division of the Creta- 
ceous system. The principal beds both east and west of the Rocky moun- 
tains lie at about the same geological level as those of Castle Valley and 
Pleasant Valley in Utah, and those of Rock Creek and Evanston on the 
line of the Union Pacific R. R. The coal of Carbon Station is more 
recent, lying 1,500 or 2,000 feet higher in the series than that of Trinidad. 
So also are the coals, of the lignite basin of the upper Missouri. The lat- 
ter is Tertiary, while that at the falls of the Missouri, like some of the 
coal basins north of the Canadian line, is of Kootainie or Lower Cretaceous- 
age, and of fresh-water origin. These coals are older than the Dakota 
sandstone. Dr. Newberry finds the Puget sound coal to be of Laramie 
