244 REPORT OF THE AMERICAN COMMITTEE. 
division of the Devonian does not aajree with the Engh'sh or 
European usage when analysis of the fossils is carefully made. 
The most important difference is at the division between the 
middle and upper Devonian. In both European and British 
usage, there is a transition from (1) a rich Brachiopod marine 
fauna typically seen in the Ilfracorabe beds of Phillips, the Give- 
tien limestone of Belgium, the Stringocephalien shales or lime- 
stones of the Eifel and Hartz regions ; to (2) calcareous shales 
or limestones or, farther north, to sandstones characterized by a 
peculiar and new Rhynchonella, which gives the name to the 
zone as the Cuboides shale or limestone. Above the Cuboides 
zone, in several sections, there follows a black shale with a pecu- 
liar Cardima [Cardiola retrostriata), and in other places, or in 
the same section, a zone rich in Gonlatites. Without attempting 
to prove identity of species, any one acquainted with the fossils 
from the two sides of the Atlantic, and without criticising the 
names, would see at once that the series of faunas and their order 
are found identical in the sections of New York and those of the 
European continent. Following the Hamilton with its rich, 
varied fauna, in which Phacops biifo plays as conspicuous a part 
as does the Phacops latifrons of the European section, there ap- 
pears the Tully limestone with Rliynchonella venustula, which 
only an expert could separate from some specimens of the Euro- 
pean Rhynchonella cuboides. Then comes the black Genesee shale 
with Cardiola [Glyptocardium, Hall) speciosa, and at the base of 
the Portage of New York the Gonlatites peculiarly abundant in 
places. Following these, in Europe and Great Britain and New 
York alike, is the typical upper Devonian, our Chemung, English 
North Devon, and Belgian Famenien and German Condrozien. 
Now in the European nomenclature, the Frasnien and its 
equivalents, which correspond Avith the Tully (its typical fauna), 
the Genesee and lower Portage faunas of New York, are all put 
in the upper Devonian. The division is drawn at the top of the 
Stringocephalien, and below the Cuboides zones, which would be 
at the base of the Tully for us. As a matter of mere interpreta- 
tion of maps, this means that by our usage of including the Tully 
and Genesee in the middle Devonian our maps would be inter- 
preted wrongly by Europeans just to that extent. Our repre- 
sentative of the Cuboides zone is certainly in the middle or upper 
part of the Tully limestone, and the special Tully fauna is dis- 
