Review of Recent Geological Literature. 395 
borne stage, Liguitic stage, and Midway stage, "all capped by shore de- 
posits, some of which evidently date back to the age of the underlying 
beds, while others have been subsequently re-arranged. -, The orange 
sand of Hilgard, in part at least the Lafayette formation, as understood 
by McGee." Much of the re-arrangement mentioned "presumably took 
place before the close of the epoch represented by the underlying strati- 
fled beds." n. h. w. 
The United States; farts and figures illustrating the physical geography of 
the country and its material resource*. Supplement 1. Population, immi- 
gration and irrigation. By J. D. "Whitney. (Boston: Little, Brown & 
Company. 8vo, xxvii and 324 pp., 1804.) This volume is considered a sup- 
plement to that which was issued about 1890, which was a corrected and 
enlarged republication of Prof. Whitney's article originally written for 
the Encyclopedia Britannica. The present volume contains scientific 
and statistical information made available through the census of 1890, 
with concise statements of various scientific and economical problems 
involved in the increase and distribution of the population, the influ- 
ence of irrigation and the possibility of changing the climate by the 
agency of man. It is specially full on irrigation. The author gives 
general descriptions of the various irrigable areas and considers the 
adaptability of each to methods by reservoirs or by artesian wells. This 
implies a discussion of their geological character and of all their physi- 
cal features. The author reviews various irrigation reports, and gives 
lists of all government reports on irrigation. N. H. w. 
The Proceedings <>f the Indiana Academy of Science for 1898 (published 
Aug., 1894) contains two papers of interest to geologists: one a bibliog- 
raphy of the geology of Indiana by Prof. V. F. Makstkks and E. M. 
Kindle, Instructor at the Indiana University: and the other a paper 
by Prof. R. Ellsworth Call, upon the indurated Tertiary rocks of 
northeastern Arkansas. The bibliography will be found useful to geol- 
ogists outside of the state as well as inside of it, for besides the usual 
authors' list it contains topical heads, such as coal, gas, oil, Quaternary, 
etc. In some cases the arrangement of titles is a little confusing, as 
where "Dubois county" is followed by a subdivision of the bibliography 
under the head of "Economic geology." and where -'Stone" is followed 
by "Elkhart." This, however, is probably only a typographic error. 
The authors of this valuable paper will find a few additional titles in the 
annual reports of the Indiana Slate Hoard of Agriculture (e. g. IS."):!, pp. 
299-332), and in Owen's ••Reconnoissance" made in 1837, and published 
In 1859. 
The subject of especial interest iii Prof. Call's paper is that of sub- 
aerial or surface mctamorphisin. The sandstones of Crowley's ridge 
in Arkansas are, for the most part, ven soft and friable, but they were 
found by Call to have been Changed locally into the hardest kind of 
quartzites. In hand specimens, and even in the field . these rocks re- 
semble Paleozoic quartzites so closely that such an excellenl observer 
as Dr. Owen mentions them in his '•first survey" of Arkansas as Paleo- 
