Pleistocene Features— Fairchild. 139 
tus, built in the Glacial waters, may be seen along the 
slopes of the valleys, correlating with the lake levels estab- 
lished by the stronger channels. Those in the Onondaga 
valley are more specially related to the Railroad channel. 
References. 
1. Bulletin Geol. Soc. Am., x: 57-66. 
Gives a description of the Glacial lakes, with illustrations. 
2. Amer. Jour. Sci., vii: 249-263. 
Describes the Glacial lakes Newberry, Warren and Dana. 
3. 20th Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Geologist, 1900, pp. 112-129. 
Describes and illustrates the extinct channels and cataracts in 
the Syracuse region. 
4. 21st Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Geologist, 1901, pp. 33-47. 
Describes and illustrates the lower channels between Syracuse 
and Rome, especially the channel which passes through the 
city of Syracuse. 
5. 22nd Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Geologist, 1902, plate 1, facing p. 19. 
Map with description of lake Warren. 
6. Bulletin Geol. Soc. Am., ix: 173-182. 
Description by E. C. Quereau of the Jamesville lake and 
surroundings. 
Car-Window Geology: Suggestions to travelers. 
Approaching Syracuse from the west by the New York 
Central or the West Shore railroad, — From Buffalo to Crit- 
tenden the New York Central R. R. lies on the leveled lake- 
bottom of Warren waters, the strong beach of which is 
crossed at Crittenden. From there to beyond Batavia the 
road is in the well-accentuated Batavia moraine. From 
there to Rochester the generally smooth plain is diversified 
with drumlins and low kames. The West Shore road lies 
on the Warren lake-bottom nearly all the way, and at 
Smithville station a conspicuous cliff cut by Warren waves 
may be seen on the south. From Oakfield to Rochester 
scattered drumlins may be seen on the south. From Oak- 
field to Rochester scattered drumlins may be seen on the 
south, with moraine topography at Church ville. 
From Fairport (east of Rochester) to and beyond Syra- 
cuse these railroads follow the river channels cut by the 
Glacial waters in their eastward flow. From Newark east- 
ward the work of lake Iroquois waves may be seen in 
numerous notches or terraces on the drumlins, at from 20 
to 30 feet above the level of the railroads. For the whole 
