.24 The American Geologist. August, looi 
POST-CLACIAL. 
(a) Later: Beech and aider (witli Mya). 
(h) Earlier: Oak (Litoriiia); Birch, Pine (Ancyhis). 
Latest glacial phase; Dryas (Yoldia) ; Fanna and llora still sub- 
arctic. 
Third ice age; (a) Melting period; terminal moraines, sands of 
valleys and terraces, osars, kames, gravel, loess, (b. ) Covering of 
land ice; Upper marl sand (ground moraines), subglacial sand and 
gravel. 
Second intcrglacial epoch : Fauna of large animals ; interglacial 
peats; deposits containing fresh-water shells; marine formations con- 
taining certain oyster beds, clays, witii Cypris an.d diatoms. 
Second ice age: Lower marl sand (ground moi^aines), fluvio-gla- 
cial gravelly, sandy and clayey deposits. 
First interglacial epoch : Fresh water deposits, peat and calcareous 
tufa, sands with Valvata. Marine deposits, sands with Cardiitm, Yoldia 
and Cypris. Diatoms. 
First ice age : (Sround moraines and older fluvio-glacial sediments. 
Pre-glacial time: Deposits not yet demonstrated, although some 
of the fossiliferous beds above assigned to the first interglacial epoch 
have been considered pre-glacial. N. h. w. 
Le granite des Pyrenees, ct ses phenoinenes de contact. 3 plates, 16 text 
figures, pp. 68. By A. L.xcROix. . Ch. Beranger, Paris, 1900. 
(Bull. Scr. Carte Geol. France No. 71.) 
The facts and conclusions therefrom given in this bulletin are very 
important, considered from a petrological point of view. This publica- 
tion marks perhaps an important epoch in European geological literature. 
While some of the conclusions have been, here and there, anticipated by 
earlier publications, in no case have they been so fairly presented, nor 
so fully supported b}^ reference to field evidence. The author is one 
of the most skilled and, at the same time, one of the most cautious of 
living petrographers and he has spent several years in gathering and in 
studying the field facts, and in the necessary laboratory work. His re- 
sults necessarily carry conviction to all who are open to conviction. 
It will be difficult to question them with good reason adversely until the 
same facts shall have received equally as long and detailed a study. 
These important results can be summarily stated as follows : 
1. The granite of the massif of Querigut-Millas surrounds and in- 
closes along the south side a large band of paleozoic limestone. On the 
southern border this limestone band is separated from some schists 
by the enclosing spur of granite. 
2. Along the southern side of the granitic massif exomorphism is 
notable, in the schists and in the limestone, the former taking the 
character of leptynolytes, or feldspathic mica schists, with frequent 
development of tourmaline, andalusite, cordierite etc., also sillimanite 
and microcline. A special type contains abundant orthoclase and oligo- 
