No. 2. 
No. 3. 
7.60 
7.57 
GO.fiO 
53.53 
32.5 
16.20 
23.76 
2.60 
215 
5 05 
7.16 
3.00 
3.06 
2.20 
.24 
1.01 
.46 
.72 
1.63 
.32 
.64 
.27 
.20 
77i(' Cleveland Water >Sifppl(/ Tunnel. — Pierce. 383 
quicksand, 7,900 feet from the shore. No. 2 is clay from 
the same place. No. 3 is. clay, 19,600 feet from the shore. 
No. 1. 
Combined water H2O 6.40 
Total silica SIO2 62.50 
Quartz or free silica 29.3 
Alumina .-VlaOs 11.30 
Iron oxide FegOs 6.52 
Calcium oxide CaO 7.25 
Magnesium oxide MgO 1.75 
Potassium oxide K2O 2.20 
Sodium oxide NagO 1.30 
Sulphuric anhydride SO3 27 
Carbonic " CO-j 15 
Titanium oxide TiOo 60 
100.24 99.57 ] 00.40 
Glacial Materlal. 
Quite a number of fragments of rock, both glaciated and 
unglaciated, have been found. None of these have exceeded 
eighteen inches in longest diameter, the majority being much 
smaller. None have been much less than two inches in diam- 
eter. Many were more or less rounded and smoothed by the 
action of water ; some were very roughly angular, showing no 
glacial or water action at all ; others showed very perfect 
and deep stride on two or more sides. 
The distribution of the rock fragments has been quite uni- 
form, but somewhat more frequent near the shore than a few 
miles out. At no place could they be said to be plentiful. 
They varied much in material ; many were syenites, and, with 
the exceptions of the shales and sandstones, they were of for- 
eign origin. Though fine gravel or coarse sand was found in 
a few places, it is a noticeable fact that the rock fragments 
and the gravel (or more properly sand) did not grade into 
each other. 
An Old River Channel. 
The records of the Cleveland Water Works Department 
in Volume 16, contain some interesting information in regard 
to the two nearly parallel tunnels, each about one mile and a 
quarter in length, which are now in use, completed respectively 
in 1874 and 1890, situated close west to the Cuyahoga river 
