274 The American Geologist November, looi. 
the Shotoon river below Frankton the deUa is about 400 feet 
high. The Shotoon and Arrow rivers have been famous for 
the large amount of placer g-old contained in the^e drifted 
sands. Near the north end of Wakatipu, there are other clear 
cyt terraces at least a hundred feet high uDon the Buckley 
Burn, three upon the south and five upon the north side. At 
other localities along the lajl-ce the levels of the terralces are 
frequentlv higher where the tributary streams discharge than 
upon either side. Plate xxvi is a view looking northerly up the 
valley of Dart river, away from Wakatipu. The light colored 
flat consists of sands and gravels constituting the existing 
flood plain, perhaps not over two feet higher than the lake, 
and derived from the glaciers of Mt. Earnslaw, 9,165 feet, and 
the Snowball glaciers, covering the divide between the Dart 
river and the northerly flowing streams beyond. The flood 
plain is two miles wide and is full of inosculating streams. The 
snowfields on the right in the figure are those of Mt. Earns- 
law ; these on the left in the distance cover Cosmos peak ; the 
snowball glaciers are not visible. In some of the high moun- 
tains bordering lake Wakatipu are caves containing numerous 
bones of the extinct Dinornis. The Clutha river combines the 
drainage of lake Wakatipu with that from Wanaka and Hawea, 
two large lakes still further to the northeast and fed by gla- 
ciers. Its course is winding, and the valleys narrow reaching 
the sea near longitude 170°. At Balclutha, near its mouth, 
are enormous accumulations of loess. 
THE SOUTHERN ALPS. 
The fiord section is followed bv the southern alps, where 
are the greatest elevations and the most extensive glaciers ex- 
isting upon the island. The government has had surveys made 
of the region, and the higher peaks have been climbed by am- 
ateurs from Great Britain. It is the policy of the government 
to encourage tourist travel to this and other interesting re- 
gions, and they build the roads, erect the hotels and places of ref- 
uge at the public expense. In the Alps the principal hotel is 
known as "The Hermitage," convenient to the ends of the Hor- 
kon, Mueller and Tasman glaciers. Plate xxv is a copy of the 
principal features of a map of the southern alps after Fitz- 
gerald, who utilized the work of the government surveyors, 
