276 The American Geologist. November,! 001. 
from the Hermitage, 2,506 feet, and it can be reached easily 
by horses. It is a very convenient starting point for the ex- 
ploration of the Mt. Cook region. The total area of the Tas- 
man glacier is twice that of the Aletsch glacier in the Swiss 
alps. 
The Mnrchison rises farther to the northeast than the Tas- 
man, from Mt. Cooper 7,837 and Aylmor 8,819 feet, and curves 
so as to move southerly at the altitude of 5,791 feet. Manner- 
ing joins it at 5,084 feet, followed on the same west side by the 
Dixon, Wheeler, Baker, Cascade, Onslaw and Barnett, glaciers. 
The Harper and Aider glaciers are tributary on the east side 
near the upper limit. The Murchison makes a sweep of 180° 
before being joined by the Mannering, which has brought some 
debris to cover its own mass, while the Murchison is free for 
a mile and a half below the junction. The extreme length of 
the moraine covering is four miles, and the lines of blocks are 
distinct as they are upon the Tasman. Each tributary pushes 
debris upon the main glacier whose angles of direction soon 
change their course to fit the motion of the larger mass. The 
extreme length of the Murchison glacier is eleven miles, with 
the usual width of a mile. Below the terminal cliiT vigorous 
streams of water meander across the valley for five miles till 
it reaches the Tasman, and then the water is crowded to tjie 
east side of the ice. The terminal cliff is eighty feet high or 
3,385 A. T. The flood plain below commences at 3,308 and 
strikes the Tasman att 2,869 ^^^t, a fall of eighty-eight feet 
per mile 
The Mueller glacier reaches nearly to the Hermitage and 
has piled up a huge moraine 250 feet high behind the hospice. 
A general view of the lower portion shows morainic bands very 
similar to those upon Agamir's classic diagram of the Aaesch 
glacier. The Hooker glacier comes down from the west flank 
of Mt. Cook and exhibits finely the moraines and the ribbon 
structure of glaciers. It is formed by the union of the trib- 
utaries Empress, Noeline and Mona glaciers. 
The other glaciers shown upon the map are tributary to 
the rivers draining the northwest slope of these alps ; being at 
the south, the Twain and Copley, branches of Karangua river ; 
then the Cook, the Balfour and Fox branches of Cook river; 
the Wakupapa and Waiho rivers. The Douglass glacier is in 
