A''(?w Zealand in the Ice Age. — Hitchcock. 281 
the glaciers radiating from the mountain centers, and gave rise 
to enormous deposits of gravel, such as compose the greater 
part of the Canterbury plains" etc.* Dr. Haast refers the gla- 
cial deposits to both the upper Pliocene and Pleistocene, t A 
very natural conclusion may be that the glacial age in New 
Zealand, representing that of the antipodes generally, pre- 
ceded the same period in the northern hemisphere. This will 
help us in formulating glacial theories, since both polar regions 
were glaciated alternately. 
6. The large cursorial birds, or the Moas, of which eigh- 
teen species have been described, seem to have flourished in the 
ice age and the early Pleistocene. From a study of the distri- 
bution of the genera and species it is concluded "that the two 
islands of Xew Zealand were separated from each other after 
the development of most of the genera, but before the develop- 
ment of the known species, except of course Anomalornis anti- 
quus of the Pliocene, and that they have not since been united.'' 
The older deposits are in the gravels and caves, the latter in 
turbaries. For convenience I add a list of the species, after 
Captain Hutton. A. oweni, Haast; Dinornis giganteus, Owen; 
JMegalapteryx tenuipes, Lyd. ; Cela carta, Owen ; D. ingens, 
Owen ; Anomalornis gracilis. Owlen ; Euryapterx exilis, Hut- 
ton ; D. struthioides, Owen in part; A. didiformis, Owen; 
Pachyornis, rothschildi, Lyd. ; P. pygmaeus, Owen ; Dinornis 
dromseoides, Owen ; Palapteryx geranoides. Owen. 
From Trans. New Zealand Institute, 1896. Nearly all these 
species are reproduced in the Canterbury Museum at Christ 
Church. This collection has been built up chiefly by means of 
exchanges of the Dinornis bones with other objects, with Eu- 
ropean and American institutes. Dr. Julius Haast founded the 
museum and Capt. F. W. Hutton is its present director. 
♦Catalogue of geological exhibits at the Indian and Colonial Exhibition, 
London, 18N6. 
IGeology of Canterbury and Westland, p. 251. 1879. 
