Rcviczv of Recent Geological Literature. 32 1 
the Cascade mcnintains the lava sheets occur with a dip to the east- 
ward, for long distances, of three or four degrees, showing that a 
large part of that range has been elevated to a hight of at least 
6,000 feet since the lava was poured out. Similar but less extensive 
deformations have also ' occurred on the eastern side of the lava- 
covered country, as will be described further on. Between these bor- 
dering areas is the region of the great plains of the Columbia, and 
southward from it, in Oregon, the lava sheets have, in general, been 
but little disturbed from their original horizontal position, although 
a subsidence of three or four thousand feet has probably taken place. 
Extensive movements in the earth's crust occurred also at certain 
periods during the time the lava sheets were being formed, as 16 
shown near Clealum, Washington, on the eastern slope of the Cas- 
cades, where the upturned and eroded lower portion of the formation 
is overlain unconformably by later sheets. How widely extended 
this unconformity may be remains to be determined." 
As determined by Mr. Diller this lava consists of plagioclase, 
augite. olivine and magnetite, with considerable globulitic base. 
N. H. w. 
Geological Siir^'cy of Canada. Annual Report. Nczv Series, Foluine 
XI, 1898. George M. Dawson, Director. Parts A. D. F, G, J, L. 
M, R. and S ; together 856 pages, plus 30, pages in Table of Con- 
tents and Index; with numerous plates, and four folded maps. 
Price, 80 cents. Ottawa, 1901. 
The summary report of the Director fills 208 pages, narrating the 
progress of the several departments of the Survey during the year 
1898, with outlines of work by field parties, and brief statements of 
some of their observations and discoveries. Four maps on the scale of 
eight miles to an inch were completed and printed, comprising an ag- 
gregate of about 125,000 square miles. Ten maps on larger scales were 
also published, seven of these being maps of gold mining districts. The 
number of visitors to the Museum during the year was 33,183, being 
more than in any previous year. The entire staff employed in the Sur- 
vey numbered fortj'-eight ; and the legislative appropriations for it 
amounted to $107,600. 
The second part (D) of this volume is a report, in 44 pages, by 
Mr. James McEvoy, on the geology and resources of the country trav- 
ersed by the Yellow Head Pass route from Edmonton to Tete Jaunc 
Cache, on the Eraser river, comprising portions of Alberta and British 
Columbia. The rock formations, beneath the drift, are of Tertiary, 
Cretaceous Devono-Carboniferous. Cambrian, and Archean age. 
Mr. A. B. Dowling describes, in the third report (F), of 100 pages, 
the geology of the west shore and islands of lake Winnipeg. The area 
of this lake is stated as 9,414 square miles, being 2,150 more than lake 
Ontario ; but it is comparatively shallow, as its maximum recorded 
sounding is 96 ft. The rock series belongs to the Cambro-Silurian sys- 
tem. It consists of the Winnipeg sandstone and shales, about 100 feet 
thick, ijrobahly of Black River age: the Trenton formations, a lower 
