352 The American Geologist. December, looi 
tom-lands. Westward the species frequently appears on higher 
grounds. Quite common as a fossil. 
*Carychium exiguum (Say) Gld. 
This species is common in damp places on rather low 
grounds, under logs, etc. No local fossil specimens have been 
found, but the species is rare in the western loess. 
"''PoMATiQPSis LAPiDARiA (Say) Try. 
Locally common with Pyramidula striatclla. This species, 
like Hclicina occulta is a gill-bearing mollusc, yet it is strictly 
terrestrial in its habits. The author has collected living speci- 
mens in widely separated sections of the State, and found the 
habitat uniformly the same. Not found in the local loess, but 
reported from Memphis, Tenn.,* from Missourif and from 
Arkansas. $ 
While the species of this group are more common on lower 
grounds, most of them occasionally appear on higher slopes. 
Thus Polygyra iiiultiliiicata (medium sized), Bifidaria con- 
iracta, Vitrca hauimonis, Pyramidula striatclla ajid Succinca 
obliqua are very common on a rather scantily wooded, rocky, 
steep slope in Iowa City at an altitude of from twenty-five to 
seventy-five feet above the Iowa river. Most of these species 
also occur sparingly at higher altitudes in the western part of 
the State. BiHdaria coiitracta is so common in such situations 
in air parts of the State, that it might well be classed in group 
(b). 
d. Species of mud-flats, edges of swamps, etc. 
ZONITOIDES NITIDUS (Ml'lll.) St. 
This species is locally not uncommon under sticks and 
leaves in low, wet places. It has not been found in the loess. 
'"*POLYGYRA MULTILINEATA (Say) PUs. 
The smaller form, already mentioned, is not uncommon 
along the edges of a prairie swamp near Iowa City. It is al- 
most exactly like the locally more common fossil form of this' 
species. This small fomi is also common in other portions of 
the State, — especially westward. 
*SUCCINEA RETUSA Lca. 
This species is now common on mud, etc. among plants in 
swampy places. The large variety ma gistcr Pils. is the com- 
♦JAMES M. SAKFORn: Geo!. Tenn.. p 434. 1869 Reported as Amnicnla 
to C. Swallow: Geol. Sur. of Mo., vols, i and ii, p. 215. Also reported as 
Amnicola. 
JR. E. Call: Rep. Ark. Geol. Sur., vol. ii, pp 166, 167 and 179. 
