Stratigraphy of Appalachian Virginia. — Darton. 15 
in any portion of the Massanutten sandstone series. In the Goshen 
pass there are several beds bearing moHuscan remains, and Scoli- 
thus (verticalis?) and plants are conspicuous at some localities. 
The Lewistown limestone is believed to be the southern ex- 
tension of the beds comprised under that name in south central 
Pennsylvania. The formation is a light colored, heavily bedded, 
relatively pure limestone, of very uniform character. The oc- 
currence of cherty beds in its upper portion is a characteristic 
feature, and it is also notably fossiliferous. The fauna is Lower 
Helderberg, but in its lower portion are also intermingled Orthisrl- 
egantuhi and Sjiin'/era inagaraensisj representative Niagara forms. 
The more plentiful Lower Helderberg species are Zajj/n-cnfis roe- 
meri. Streptelasma stricta, Orthix oh/afn. 0. pcrelegans^ Strepto- 
rliynchns icolicorthania, Stroplionifua rhonihoidalis, iStropjliodonta 
lieadleyana.! S. heckii. (Ji/rti<i (/nJiuaiii, Neucleosp! ra ontrirosa, 
S()irlf('ra ci/cloptmts, S. cuncijoiiis. S. ixrlammeJJosits. S. luacro- 
jilcura, S. canaxcnu', R/ii/iicJioncI/n iiDhiJh. R. foriiiosa. R. uli- 
rnptd. Eatonia med!<iHs. Ati/rpd rcticidaris. ]\nfin)i('rns g<dr((fii^^ 
and many others. The beds have been called Lower Helderberg 
by most writers, but they unquestionably represent a somewhat 
greater stratigraphic range, and the name used by the Second 
Geological Survey of Pennsylvania has been adopted for them. 
The formation is brought up very often in the anticlinals of 
central Appalachian Virginia, and it is a conspicuous and valua- 
ble member of the Paleozoic series. It thins gradually east- 
ward, and southwestward it disappears for some distance in the 
New Kiver region, to reappear in the southwestern corner of the 
state. 
The Monterey sandstone is an arenaceous l)ed, everywhere 
closely associated with the Lewistown limestone from central Vir- 
ginia through Penns3ivania. It is a coarse grained, light colored 
sandstone or moderatel}' silicified quartzite, usually friable in its 
weathered outcrops. It is number VII of Rogers, and has gen- 
erally been called Oriskany. Its abundant and varied fossils arc 
mainly of Oriskany forms, but Lower Helderberg and Hamilton 
fossils are intermingled to a greater degree than in the New 
York Oriskany. The most distinctive Oriskany species recog- 
nized were Ort/n's liippa rlony.r. O. iiiKsculosa, Sp!ilf<ra aiuniosas, 
S. (irectus, S. pyxidatus. Entniilii slmiata and Rriissi/irn'd ovi<Ies, 
but there are manv others. 
