ON FUNGOID DISEASES OF THE TINE. 
117 
say that the perithecia are very long, often curved and branched, 
narrowed upwards, terminating at the apex in a fringed orifice, 
and that the sporidia are triseptate and ultimately brown. 
In the specimens on Yine leaves we also found other smaller 
perithecia, which are pear-shaped, without apparent orifice, and 
containing a profusion of minute hyaline elliptic spores, scarce 
*005 mm. long. These are probably of the nature of spermogonia 
or pycnidia. It is very probable that similar bodies may be found, 
if sought after, in other species. 
There is, however, one point which is alluded to by Mr. 
Berkeley in his paper deserving of confirmation. He says, “ The 
Cladosporium is commonly developed on a dusty coat of honey-dew, 
and affords a convenient matrix for the growth of other mucedi- 
nous fungi.” The Lime is peculiar in its profuse honey-dew, and 
this is one of the commonest Jialitats for the Cladosporium fumago. 
Some Willows are similarly affected, and these again furnish a home 
for the Cladosporium. Dr. W. Gr. Earlow, in one of his recent 
papers on parasitic fungi, alludes to this association of Fumago , or 
rather of Capnodium , with insects, and his remarks may well be 
embodied here. Dr. Earlow contends that the various species of 
Capnodium are developed upon the remains and exudations of 
insects, and not directly on the bark and leaves of trees. He says 
that “ during the month of October, 1876, he had a good opportu¬ 
nity to observe how closely Capnodium elongatum followed the 
presence of certain insects. He observed a bluish-grey mass which, 
in the distance, seemed like the plasmodium of some species of 
Myxomycetes , judging from the colour and the manner in which 
it spread over everything with which it came in contact, entirely 
regardless of its nature, whether vegetable or mineral. A closer 
examination showed that the Alder bushes on or near which 
the fungus was growing were covered with insects of a white 
colour, covered with a woolly substance and producing a copious 
oily exudation. These insects were determined as a species 
of Eriosoma. Wherever the exudation fell, whether on other 
insects, on the ground, on dead sticks, ferns, or any other substance 
the fungus at once made its appearance. In some cases where 
the exudation dropped upon other insects they were covered by 
the bluish-black fungus while still alive. All this, he says, serves 
to strengthen the view previously maintained that the fungi of this 
group grow upon the exudation of insects rather than directly upon 
the bark and leaves of plants.” 
