BIRDS OF PENNSYLVANIA 
167 
fruits, such as wild grapes, cedar berries, etc. In the winter months I 
have seen these woodpeckers, also Tufted Titmice and White-bellied 
Nuthatches, feed with apparent relish on pieces of fat beef and pork, 
which had been suspended in trees or nailed to grape-arbors for their 
benefit. The kernels of walnuts, shell-barks and other nuts that I have 
placed in trees were likewise eaten by both the woodpecker and nut¬ 
hatch. 
The stomach contents of ten Downy Woodpeckers taken in Pennsylva¬ 
nia, and examined by the author and Mr. Benjamin M. Everhart, of 
West Chester, are given in the following table: 
No. 
Date. 
Locality. 
Food-Materials. 
1 
Feb. 20. 1880, .... 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Larvae. 
2 
Feb. 20. 1880. 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Beetles and other insects. 
s 
Mar. 6. 1880. 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Larvae, beetles and seeds of Itosa lucida. 
4 
May 1. 1880. 
Willistown, Pa. 
Larvae. 
6 
Sept. 25, 1880, .... 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Berries and ‘ * grub worms. ’’ 
“ Wood grubs.” 
6 
Sept. 24. 1880. 
East Bradford, Pa. 
7 
Nov. 20, 1884. 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Small seeds and fragments of beetles. 
8 
Nov. 20. 1884. 
East Bradford, Pa. 
Larvae and fragments of beetles. 
9 
Dec. 20. 1884. 
Westchester, Pa. 
Insects, chiefly beetles. 
10 
May 23, 1885. 
Chester county, Pa. 
Larvae. 
Dryobates borealis (Vieill.). 
Red-coekaded Woodpecker. 
Description. ' 
Length 7 k to 8^ inches; extent about 14; male has narrow red streak, mostly con¬ 
cealed by black feathers above, on each side of occiput and above the silky-white 
spaces that extend from under and back of eyes ; feathers on sides of lower mandi¬ 
ble, those about nostrils, chin, throat, middle of breast and central part of abdomen, 
also feathers about eye, (except in front) sides of head and neck, white, purest about 
head. A black streak, connecting witli black lores, runs backward under the showy 
white cheek patch; top of head, neck behind and two central tail leathers, black ; 
other feathers in middle part of tail, black, with white bars, and the outer tail 
feathers are white, barred especially on inner webs with black ; back barred with 
black and white; wings brownish, barred with white; iris brown; bill and legs 
(dried skin) blackish. The female has no red stripes on head. 
Habitat. —Southeastern United States, from New Jersey (at least formerly), Ten¬ 
nessee, and Indian Territory south to eastern Texas and the Gulf coast 
The Bed-cockacled Woodpecker, abundant in the open pine woods of 
Florida, where it is called “ Sapsucker ” by some, and by others “ Pine- 
bark Woodpecker,” I have never observed in this state. Reports— 
seventy odd in number—which have been sent to me by naturalists and 
collectors of all parts of the state, fail to show that it occurs anywhere 
in our commonwealth. Dr. Ezra Michener, in his catalogue of Chester 
County Birds, published in 1863, writes; “Red-coekaded Woodpecker 
accidental; very rare.” Thos. G. Gentry (Life Histories of Birds), re¬ 
ferring to this species says: “That it is a rare visitant in eastern Penn¬ 
sylvania cannot be doubted, as an individual was taken a few years 
since, and is now deposited with the writer. This specimen was shot 
in Delaware county, just beyond the southern border of Philadelphia.” 
