BIRDS OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
283 
Habitat .—Western United States, east to the western border of the plains ; south 
in winter to Guatemala. Accidental in Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. 
On the 8th of November, 1889, I captured a fine adult female of this 
species in an apple orchard in Chester county. This is the only speci¬ 
men of this decidedly western bird that has ever been taken in Penn¬ 
sylvania, and but one other specimen * of Audubon’s Warbler has been 
recorded east of its common range. I found this bird in company with 
some Snow-birds (Junco hyemalis) and White-throated Sparrows. In 
its stomach a few seeds and fragments of beetles were found. The 
feathers about its bill were more or less soiled evidently by juices of 
berries on which it had been feeding. 
Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.). 
Magnolia Warbler. 
Description (Plate 94, Male). 
Length (average of seven males) 4.90 ; extent (average of seven males) 7.35 ; wing 
(average of seven males) 2.40. Female usually somewhat smaller. 
Male , in spring. —Bill and legs blackish ; crown grayish slate-blue ; black feathers 
of forehead and lores continuous with a black streak below and a wider one behind 
eye that joins the triangular black space on back (the black back feathers are in 
many specimens edged with yellowish-green) below bright yellow streaked or 
blotched (except on chin, throat and middle portion of abdomen) with black ; under 
tail-coverts white; all tail-feathers, except central pair, have white spots on inner 
webs in middle ; rump yellow ; two wing bars or a white patch ; upper tail-coverts 
black ; white streak back of eye. 
Female similar but much duller. The young are quite different. Top of head 
and neck behind ashy-gray, back greenish-olive; upper tail-coverts black, with ex¬ 
tensive grayish edgings ; below chiefly yellow, the streaks of black being mainly on 
sides, can be recognized by peculiar white tail markings previously described, the 
yellowrump and under parts; maxilla brownish; mandible yellowish, and legs paler 
than in adult. 
Habitat. —Eastern North America to the base of the Rocky mountains, breeding 
from northern New England, northern New York and northern Michigan, to 
Hudson’s Bay territory. In winter, Bahamas, Cuba and Central America. 
This active and beautiful warbler arrives in Pennsylvania early in 
May and departs in September. Inhabits woodland chiefly, but often 
when migrating is seen in orchards and gardens. As a bird of passage 
it is quite common and very generally distributed throughout the state; 
and it also breeds regularly, but not abundantly, in many sections of the 
mountain districts. I have seen Magnolia Warblers, in midsummer, in 
the mountains of Blair, McKean and Cameron counties, and their nests 
have been found in Crawford, Sullivan and Somerset counties, where, I 
am reliably informed, they breed regularly. The Magnolia Warbler can 
easily be recognized by its showy dress of black and yellow and the 
conspicuous broad white band on middle of tail feathers. Mr. Bidg- 
* A male D. auduboni was captured by Mr. A. M. Frazer at Cambridge. Mass.. November 15. 1876.— 
Birds Col. Valley, p. 273. 
