APPENDIX. 
421 
Quad rate. —Square. 
Quar ry.— Prey of raptorial birds. 
Quill.— As generally used, one of the primary remiges; and perhaps best so re¬ 
mediate specimens cannot be considered a species, no matter how great a de¬ 
gree of differentiation may have been reached. Races are distinguished as 
“Geographical ” and “ Local ” according as to whether they occupy extensive 
or limited areas of country. Geographical races are usually correlative with 
definite geographical areas, being, in fact, the expression of geographical varia¬ 
tion.— ( Ridgway .) 
Ra mus.—Branch or fork, as the ramus of the lower mandible 
Rapto'res.—An artificial group of birds, including the so-called birds of prey. 
Rapto'rial.—Pertaining to the birds of prey. 
Rec'trix.—Any one of the tail-feathers. The plural, rectrices , is chiefly used. 
Recur'ved.— Curved upward. 
Reflection.—Change of color with different inclination to the light. 
Re gion.— Any portion of the body localized, as the anal region , dorsal region , etc* 
Re'mex.—Quill of the wing. The plural remiges is generally employed. 
Reiic'ulate. 
Reiic'ulated, 
| Marked with a network of lines. 
Ric'tal.—Pertaining to the rictus. 
Rictus.—The gape ; sometimes restricted to the corner of the mouth. 
RosB/'ccous ) 
■ > A very pure purplish-pink, like some varieties of roses. 
Rose Pink. > 
Rose Red.—The purest possible purplish red color. 
Ros'trum.—The beak; bill. 
Round ed.—A rounded tail has the central pair of feathers longest, the remainder 
successively a little shorter. A rounded wing is one in which the first pri¬ 
mary is short, the longest quill being the third, fourth or fifth, or one nearly 
midway between the first and last. 
Rudimentary.—Undeveloped ; existing only in its beginning. 
Ruff.—Set of lengthed or otherwise modified or peculiarly colored feathers around 
the throat or whole neck. 
Ru ga.—A ridge or wrinkle. 
Ru'gose.—Wrinkled. 
Rus set.—A bright tawnv-brown color, with a tinge of rusty. 
S. 
Sali va. —Spittle ; the secretion of the salivary glands. 
Scanso'rial, —Capable of climbing as a woodpecker. 
Scap'ular.— Pertaining to the shoulder blade, or Scapula 
Scap ularsv £ Feathers of the scapular region. 
Scap'ularies. j 
Scarlet. —The purest possible red color, lighter and less rosy than carmine, ricner 
and purer than vermilion. 
Scolo pacine. —Snipe-like. 
Scu'tellate —Provided with scutella , or transverse scales. 
Sec'ondary Oov'erts. —Properly, the posterior row of wing-coverts, which overlie 
the basal portion of the secondaries. The greater wing-coverts. 
Sec'ondaries. 
Sec'ondary Quills. 
Sec'ondary Rem iges. 
The long feathers of the forearm, which in the spread wing 
appear in a continuous row with the primaries. 
