33itioiltnraU 
ADDRESS OF Xt. M. E8TKK AT TI1K ST. HEI.- 
KNA VITKI'LTUKAl. ASSOCIATION S 
ANNUAL RE-UNION. 
Il is 6'ilJ Unit tt linin'* dis|«>sl|lrm l luro r<l liutli, 
personal bravery, mid devotion to country, in 
form**!, iu « large degree, by In* •urr-'UOurBfts, 
wln n 1 lie lire* iinil what ho dim*; that lie who 
lives in constant rnmmuiilnn with n*iun: > grand- 
I-1 nnd inn«| beniiliful smmry nen-vtrily Is 
limn Of lofty purpose*, great concept inn* nn 
sirring, manly instincts. w tills he who It bound 
down in a putsoll In Wlinh there ii nothing tun 
frill nnd no pleasure. who only hulks nut upon III 
creon flel'U, Hr- hills and rorkf and niituuuliu 
ruioc iu a lifetime, know* mulling id lira branty o 
the world we live in, the grandeur of Ira ndituiiw, 
nr the motu but Instinctive lera-aii n'liicli them 
speechless mouth* traioh him For him existence 
j* lira only mm In life; cmuttrrt and rompcleti 
he rautiol liopo lor. 
Grape culture i* one of Hie earliest pursiiiU 
eirillred man We read of il in theold testament, 
Trndii ion tolls us that Hu' grape vine ww intro 
iliirod Inm Egypt from India from Egypt il wits 
transferred to Greece, where it flourished during 
the entire porM of the Grecian Hcpubliv A dis¬ 
tinguished writer onco ssld: Raising grapes is u 
pursuit ns full of lienuty «» Alpine limd- .ipe; a« 
racet u- Hu- humble t-iiH-r a- the breath of u pr<ti- 
tlingrhild. The rich verdure nf llic vtuo untkes 
springtime spun the Mimim-r nnd gladdens 
every hour of our existence. Ilnmcr lilinaeir, 
•peaking of Urn Greek winw, said they were ‘*lu»- 
c I mis, pure nml worthy of the gods " Fn-ra Greece 
Ihr graspi* wa» transferred lo fiiil}, hut not until 
fin (tie wh* civilised. The grape loft Greece with 
tin art nml civilization, Virgil sold. "The arts 
and sciences am) poetry flourish iiirul amid ihr 
stttiny skies where thu grape grows host.’' In the 
early history of man tint grape wn» only fhuntl 
mn ng the mu*| vlvlllu-d people of the swirld. In 
Egypt Aral- then in Gu-occ, then in Iuly, then in 
France, nml nnw la America Almost nil of Ihr 
Human writers speak of one kind ot wine u the 
bc-l w Inc of Italy—the gwem Falr.rolan Of thi» 
wine llie poets sang, whilst the state,men nnd ora¬ 
tor. praised it The grapes from which it was 
•uade were grown mi Hit- Fulerniur Ager, lying be. 
Iki-i-ii the Mosie hills and the hank* of the Vultti- 
if* ‘he grapes grew In a volcanic country, 
among the stone, ami asltr. nnd debris thruwn 
from the month of Mount Vesuvius, and we ean 
hlntnst imagine the fnen of wealth nnd ol learning 
ol these olden timra, sluing iu their villus, in Hie 
• unuru* of Hi-rcuhiDi-utu and Pnuipcti, over 1KIXJ 
>eara ago. drinking this same Kwn-I >• lernian. 
, u V• miviukisiuimenceil to vomit fnrih In 1-tvn 
•ml Mira, which envond o»urn vital extent ortcrtl- 
lory, including the vineyard* anil I hews two great 
nml populous cities, the ruins ot which have been 
hui recently uncovered. This wlon, know n it. lire 
swcri t alcrnlnli, we. mwer sllowod t-l-,.drunk un- 
til it wnsitKi years old. it whs of# bright amber 
t-olor nc I tilt! ml wine, u* wc know win* hi tit¬ 
led. no. wh* Ii while wine At one time ||,r-re 
V ||, a Un Mi llie Unman republic prohibiting this 
wine IrwtTl helflg Sillier wild in In* market lit 
drunk until it had reached the allotted aav of too 
yeno. Ilul when iivllb«Uon loft ih- Homan 
Uoo.ras,- 1 llu ' ,J o rk r nL " * “i’ ru “ d dC'asluUtiii Wirt 
lAHoran. .*rover all Europe, grape culture olu.o-,1 
1-',''.' ., a( A " T'!" 1 H, V n '*' *»*" "f rfeupor. 
tram tlo-draolml..,, which tin, tv lira tif the 
Wlariem t.f that np<- bud w-inu-r.,1 u„. p-... 
mn CjWllhl-nl. arid from nl«ml Ihr fnuns.-iUh rcm 
'■ry Uio milture of the grape W|U iisi„|.. rfM i t,. . 
I"W ,lqn»from £uuj.*odan" tor™™ S‘. 
not le»s tinui 400 y-'ura all ilmi pan „t Frnncwi | v 
rap hetwveu the Moditerrauesu nnd i| lu M.-'ust- 
nu of Olrande snd Horde 
among It,c wwl famous of French wines, 
‘‘ viu,,l * t ; •'f 'ho world. For 
» France has exported « va.1 amount of 
is In the 
SEMI-7 ROPIC CALIFORNIA, 
wine until lit* yffltr lBSO, when, according to Um 
.-Win., prude Review," during il<c "rat eleven 
months .itHint year, she impcrtcl 17l.3;i9,lH>u gtl 
Ions tif wine and exported only flO,lkl,-dkt gitllnua 
of Wine. Showing her imports in wine .for Che first 
time In her l.ijlorv, to have been 11.1.187.500 pal- 
Ions mot limit her export*. T"“ l,,r 
year Iaoii Fiance culiiviilctl 8.441,218 acre' tn 
grape* slunc. while in 1^0, ten jaar* bcfi.n* 
Pier* were ctilllvalrd in France &,777,it3. lien * til 
laud iu grape*, shijwlug a -liminullon ol S30.4U 
ni-ics in ten year,- In 1*70 Fraiict prralucctl 11,- 
483,."i70,000 galIdiiv ot wine, w hile in i-^o aim only 
prudncnl 7,W8,4W,OOft gnllunv of wltip, nlni'- ' 
outshalf lets. Tlifs Immense drpret iatlnn In H 
amount ot grnj'es mid nine ppulufwJ <u Frnm 
is ntlrilmlnTto two cause only; tirsl, Ilia wriuuijr 
mil nf Hie soil after n lung period of cnltivailun ol 
Hie grape, and thn dwlntnllve effects ‘ 
the phylluxcrs. For nearly twenty years t 
orniicgniwcr* of Franco have bran fighting tl)U 
little lusccl, and w hile they have dlsciircrrd that 
rnriion bl.snlpriide. ra hisiilphhle of nirlmu, 
nn imwrtiriilu, vet it apptatra by a report math' by 
the Count f.eMetelct, chairman of llie principal 
committee iu France, iu lute as February, lWi 
that they could no longer rely upou llrat as it pro 
Vction ngnlmt the destructive «H<r'ts ol the phyl- 
(Xt-nt; that it* clfeclfsenco tlitpvnded on the i'll: 
Cler of the so11 where it n-ns applied, themnnn 
-i its Applicnllun,1hutras'iiior the year, and up- 
o many other doubtful or Inolrteutal question* as 
to the result, that they found hui one sure remedy 
to remnimeod tn the crape grnvrcrs of France, 
amt ttiai rmmly t* the fnimduriinn into France 
of the native Auierlcuu vine. In our Hlnte, how 
Imre I he phylloxera is nut *u deiiruciin-, I 
■c bf-sufnniac of cortmu can he used with 
suema. A brief rvfcrrncc lo this rvrrott, umde by 
ilie Count IxMcrcler, will hr found in ilia "Atrrar. 
l< »n Wine and Grape Uruwrr," putdivlraij In New 
York, March, ItJHT. 
A> man in Infancy and childhood lit the most 
delicate of all the niiinuil kingdom, and muIiJk! to 
inuredise.-uics (linn nuv other animal, so the grape 
I* the mrwt dellcnleof nil the vegetable world. It 
i* indeed true, that while mini is lira marvel nf Hu- 
animal world, Hie grape Is Hie most wonderful of 
the regctahlc world. Man, unlike all other aril 
uials, hua lira mciL-les, Hie whooping cough, lira 
• mall pox, scarlet fever, rlc. flip rail of Ur- uni. 
■rial wnrlti i* exempt Irmn the*n and many other 
dl-rn*e» common to hutnanlty. So the grape is 
subject to dtseoma unknown to ruiy oOirr fruit 
licarlng tree* or vinos. It Iras WflOit kind, cum 
■n nnd black Ini blew; it it Ot'tickcd by Him, and 
••oar it rv subject lo thu great rn'rager anil destroy¬ 
er of the vine, phylloxera. In France, 1 IM-Inte 
autcvl, ilray Irai-c almost given up the hope of do- 
slroyliig tbo part, sccViug n remedy only in lira 
hitrisluciioQ ot i-int. thttl urn tlniug enough to 
tvhhslarit! lira phylloxera, am! for that touwm Ho- 
»l'l“st grape growers ot Fram e have com lulled 
Ural the Iiatlvu American vine is the only safe vine 
to plant upon which to graft the European varle. 
tics; ami I would recoinuieml every grape grower 
to try tlii.. il even In a xou.ll way 
It would hardly sec in necewary forme to tell 
you, .1. grape grower., what kind of toil grup» 
oiiahl lube plaund In, or how grape, nhniild I* 
ciiltlvAivil, or wind we should do to avoid Hie d 
fei-.Uol tin phylhncrrn, 1 may, hnwgvui. that 
no grape, will do well upuu any Uml where the 
lllllr nmileu retinol cling lo nr mn around nr 
among either nick, to akmr. or gravel, or .,uul 
It is lira uuliirc o| the, rool of lira viun lo ve„k |«„ 
wan.111. end drv,c. It will not grow „n land 
w I'h « damp, heavy clay mihioll It Imd hetn-r 
he pl.'inlnl upon the colli Inml i.r a huiivn rm l- 
lima in u{mod hoi- and II will tl-Hiri.h in Hu- 
oros lea of a rimkubcu II will dh. |„ water ami 
mud, nnd a* the rooU of the vine cling to atom- 
aml gravel, in iin hrunchca Dvi«»*nrily and naliir 
Ur Kr Tt' lri<:p , "" 1 »»>1 I ret 
aa. . .. fii - 
Bern,,,., „/1,,„ , „|4 
vine Kxlrcliic inpialnrc or exl r .'• 1 
equally (Kutructivc of |||u vlira 
i dryne»» 
■ud Iicik-u II |« 
— r .^ k hirp* 
iion nf tlra carlh'i stjrfnec, jet the most i> 
valuable verb-ilex nf grapes only flourish over n 
limited territory. On the Western Conlinonl thu 
European vnrielics do not flourish wi ll out of 
doors, except in thnt Utile territory lying Ijctwccu 
lira Sierra Nevada Mountain*, the rncitic Ocean. 
Minina ami Oregon. E«*' >' '» IQOcold hu llu in. 
North nml south it U ellUor ion dry or Mo wet, 
Tlra amount of rain Hurt fall* in lliLs pari nl < uli. 
fonita i« about Iwvnty-lv.' inolras- a year. Ol this 
ninounl lev*than emt inch falladurlt-g lira period iu 
which lira grape is (!ev»|opeJ and gallraiert, while 
111 Malaga and the wine growine dfrtrij'U nf 
Framtofftnu five to eight Inch;i id tain fall during 
Hie period In which the gripe Is making u* 
growth, lima mldmg nn nddlthmal peril t-i lira 
grape which we do not Miller Imre, namely: H» 
crape rot. Nor i» lira mean temperature nl Gult- 
fornia as a grape growing mnnlry Inferior to any 
other part of tlm ivorld. The menu Icnipwmtlrte 
Ilia year arouud is about (13 degrees Kurenhell, 
wildcat Bordeaux it if 87 degrees. Al Madeira it 
is IkV From tin to 03 degree* mem tempeiuture 
for lira whole jc.ir i» xnid to he the best average 
Icmpprutnre for the cultivation of tbo grope. Of 
rnurae, in summer il i< warmer and In winter 
■hler, hut we do not h*ve extremes «f heat and 
rid. 
Iu most countries it i» considered ib-»iruble lo 
hove an eastern or uratliern expoBUie n* lira most 
lavornbtehuids on which tn plant u vineyuul. 
Here. If anything, Wo prefer a western or northern 
exposure. "There Is less danger from frost there, 
hecHtiMi the miii line* not strike it so curly In the 
irnlng Our climaUi is warm and dry enough, 
wlmlcvcr Hie exposure may lie, Fur wlno grapes, 
ii i< admitted by nearly nil the ablest w riters upon 
lira subject, thill rolling lands arc heller limn level 
buitnm binds upon which lo plant a vlneynnl. Al- 
luvbl soil l* not giNKttoll for tluos. In Malaga 
nearly all the vines arc growu upon barren and 
almost sterile hillsides. In many part* of Franco 
the soil Is exceedingly poor w in re the grape is 
grown, the Atibvul King a soft roelc Nor do 
they plant the grape in Europe ns we do. Whether 
we are rigid nr wrong, I am not aide to dcmrinine, 
Iu F ranee lim average bet wren tin- row* of vines, 
where Hmy are planted in row* at nil, will not ex- 
>.“d three feet, nnd between thr vim a in I lie rows 
ml more than from one in two feet, w hile Imre w c 
raver think or planting vinca nearer than six feet 
aparti anil I presume the average is about iqrcn 
mill yet French trrllen think it ndviiirtugeoiis 
planl- Tliiur say that In I Inly and Spain 
ihc-v phuil vines- farther apart than in France, yet 
■ heii wine is rmi nearly »o good il- French wine. 
The number of vines on an acre, planted 3 feet 
ipall each way, is 3,480; 4 feel apart, hut 3,733 to 
the lit re; Ti feel apart each W«J, 1,712 lo lira m ie; 
Ii fen earl, » fl y, I.M3 to lira Here; 1 feat each ivuy. 
"17 lo the nt-re, whilofl foci each wav give* hut 
90 in the acre, And >n I Hud that while no 
me Ire limti I.WKMotho acre, we niaki from 
at Tn 000 gallon* of wine more on an nveragu 
•mi nri arra of grapis. In France limy rarely go 
i voml ;u hi to 330, ami often do not uxcaed 2tu» 
gallon* to the acre. Ofcmim 1 . il nn can in ii ire 
iOH gallons of wine to the acre, null Dial 
Itie ho a* good a» Hint made In Fninee and they 
iw200tirfiUOgallons' in-ut tliu 
id frmn Hit- uuuu l ulHvation, 
icompel* with tra, own llnnigh 
hi nllliy as our*, 
( Viavioisiv * old tagi-UDH 
1 lie great inniblr m gra|ra eiiliuru In Csillfurnni 
d lu win- making-lirtmisii ll„: Ivv., are el.— lv 
ttlllnl i.lhai *i- are l-m last a people, vve «,!• 
•alUi upon the In veal nn-nl, wq uru 
; we try Ui urodlKe I.IO many 
e r a pL-a .oi|raaui .an,l we i,y ln , n „ku too mnch 
e flon, llu 1 graprs Wu have, and berth . we Hy 
wiiMiiiir Wluu tn inuney too anon allerii fa 
|r . "*il« '« oltrlhutahli-chli-fly to our i.-.v.-i iv 
u. iaolaffon, to tin- new.rasa .if tli* l!m,i..es* 
t" Hie pimiilhir clmra- t-nslles ot Ho- Anran 
people VVr ale in n new eontili v an enilit .l 
aeilvi, alining nnd thriviug people ' We , ,,nmrt 
w-iH Mr lira .low uiori-M ol dev.'lopmuiil liku dm 
Euiopeuu., flu lutureto u» i, tomorrow, uoi, 
mly n 
. uiTiountol'li 
In lime limy rann 
vine* were a 
