116 
SEMI-TROPIC C, I LIFORyt.*■ 
DEEP VERSUS SHALLOW PLOWING. 
uf f'HAS. on. lamJ n. 
Epttors Son-Tuori' C»ttfOBSiA._ I' r - 
Cougar's attack on dMp plowing in the 
orchard has oauBod toe to arise and say a 
few word* in defence. I. too hare t*v 
pf rmienti d, with great curr. and my 
grenUu*! Mico-as has enrue with deep plow¬ 
ing. My deep plowing, I mean from ten 
to foart-en inches. Ho places rnn*‘idj“i» , 'lo 
stress upon 1 1m fuel that the >1111111 surface 
roots are of much imporlance in the 
growth utnl development of the tret 
Just here is where w differ iu opinion, 
and that your reader? may judge for 
theroselves, 1 will add « few unquestion¬ 
able facts concerning the subject Now, 
in tin tirsl place, 1 scree with the Dr. 
when ho attacks the anbject of irrigation, 
for 1 need only to look about inf for 
abundant proof of it- vicious abuse. The 
idea of soaking trees for every two or nw 
four weeks, 1 feel is a wrong one, which 
tune only will modify Neither would I 
be so radical iw to try to take trees through j 
the season without water, or with one j 
irrigation only. The happy medium bo- j 
tween llie two extremes is most to bei 
desired Yet 0 rule for one section >>f our ( 
country might not apply in every par-! 
Iieului' to another; thus each locality in 
left, in n measure, to establish its own 
rules of procedure. In this noetic 11 , forty 
or fifty miles from the const, I find (but 
from two to three good irrigations, fol¬ 
lowed by thorough cultivation with the 
plow, bring the most satisfactory results. 
V ith us, the ground in a week or ten day- 
after irrigating will be dry to the distance 
of ul least foui or live inches, consequently 
of wlial good can a mat of fimnll roots 
near the surface be to the growth of the 
tree. My aim in not to allow a root to! 
grow within ten or twelve inches of tint 
surface, and with a mulch of louse ami In' 
that depth, moisture is retained for u long 1 
time and no roots over suffer from tin- 
want of it. while, on the otla-r hand, the 1 
mill of small roots near I tie nurfnee revives 
only for a short period at t-ueli irrigation, * 
nmJ then relapses into an inactive, dormant 
state Pray, of what permanent good are 
they to tin tree? Agaiu.il you < 1 . Uuvor 
to rear those surface iouU, von will be 
obliged to pass the ground over with 
-hallow cultivation, your noil mulch will ( 
be thiii, und, a* a naturul udouquoucc, I 
von will soon be irrigating again 1 speak I 
not from a theoieUcul dun. I point, but 
from a practical one, My oWnulioitf 
are founded upon careful, well studied 
experimenting, and 10 to *,mco*bh, 1 hav. 
only to point n,y nv. n orchard, which, 
1 am happy lo slam. doer not contain a 
di>" asod member; and as to growth, I 
challenge anybody to show unythuig 
batter. ' 0 
Now, thru it iius not been iuv desire 
in Willing this article to cross awoftto w,th 
Dr, V-ougur, for well do 1 know ion ability 
with tin horticultural lain.,-; but | w,«h to 
show that while mu mode of cultivation 
W in Pusft.km. m„j along the 
eo»*t, this lo. alitv and other? farther in-1 
land will obtain the best results by pm- ; 
suing a course altogether differout. Nor 
am 1 sure that the Dr.’s theory i« cvvu 1 
lies) for In? locality Has he tried deep 
plowing with tin- same care that he has 
given shallow cultivation V 1 would n«'t 
advise n man having large Dei* with sur¬ 
face runts to start in ami tear them out 
wi Lb the plow. Certainly, such a tiling; 
would not be advisable- but to oin¬ 
putting out a vouDg school, or now having 
voting trees, j'would say, by all means do 
not allow surface roots to grow. You will 
only need to keep them off for n few j 
years, for then your tree will hare grown 
an imiueuse network of routs beyond the 
drying surface, less water will be re¬ 
quired. your tree wilt be Ic-. liable to 1 
disease, bccausi’ no rrxils w ill ever become 
day and ns to profitable u-turns, I would 
add that the ucvii failing rule of nature 
will attend yout labors. Another word, 
ami 1 am done. Dr., I umtenriaiid. advo¬ 
cates frequent cultivation, on the theory 
that the Boil w ill collect imhsture from the 
air. Again, 1 admit that the tlieoiT is 
good; but tie practice here and iu 8nn 
lb rnardino county if- ruinous The air is 
so dry with us iu mid-summer that Land 
stirred during the day will certainly Dot 
gain any moisture at night-, and it lift? J 
been ascertained by hoiiic that it evini' 
loses. 1 have observed that, after irri¬ 
gating, it is best to plow ten or twelve 
inches deep, narrow furrows, and with’ 
cure to leave tie- ground very smooth, and 
with this allow the ground to rest until 
you arc ready to irrigate again, If weed- 
come cut them down with a hoe. or, what 
is still better, pull them up, and then you | 
are dtum with them. If vim have worked 
your soil properly during the winter and 
spring, you will not be troubled with 
weeds, or at most with only 11 few I do 
not ask unyhody to follow ray plnh of 
operation, 1 merely slate it with it* iw>| 
i ninpanjiiig results, and all are free to! 
follow any course which they may cboosr; 1 
Imt I would cultviili-I it a favor if I could 
hear from those who have practised a 
different mode with success through th. 
columns of your jmiruul. My aim i» to 
find the most rational way of growing tin 
eiini« family, especially ifie orange, cou- 
Mhlcni with nature and her requirements'! 
consequently, anybody speaking 01 . the 
Mihjtcl wi)| ||,„| , uo u rea ,| s lj M | Gnf . r 
1'oaokA, .June 21. 
L " h A,, K al *w *Bonds in San Fiun- 
««--n.o offered at 102 with Imi l,„|, 
Angeles ( ounty Honda lu2fu lot 
While the plains for tim must imrl nr. 
dry un.l brown will, U IV ut „i Vi ,j lovv i 
grow., vines uud shrubs 
in tic mountamB are green and boh ..ml 
paatoruge for cattle .....1 uheep is s 1 ,|. I1 ,| l j. | 
the build- 
ugof the Ho,I them Calif, unui University 
h t and the work h b.-ing rigor-; 
rs <r;jt ,l , w ■" v--* 
about Q« tober tot in the new building. 
BUY A HOME. 
[Lines suggested on reading th? speech delivered 
In- the Hon. George Bnrstow, on the Sftth of Sep. 
timber. 1 STK, at the Metropolitan Temple, 8 nn 
Francisco, to raise fund* for the relief of the 
sufferers by yellow fever at the South. ] 
Pm -i )• .1 lie, liny a home, 
lo the land rich with the clutdering vine, 
The luttri-l, bn and silver pin.'. 
Where the hooeywuckb '* rn.baul sprsyr 
Alhir<-« the humming t.ird ull .lay ; 
Where die wild hire vi"l 1 “ i<? tte.iann-a free, 
An 1 frail lull* from 0 l* burden.-tl tree— 
Boy « home. 
Buy u home, bay n home. 
In the town, or coup, or forest (hndc, 
Wherever thou thy ebnice hli.sl made, 
Theft-, Un'.ugh eariwel work add llOllhOl uilli, 
The ci. al highroad ' 1 wealth on.I tamo. 
From the nun iesolve Inm lin, aside, 
Put firel and last, whale'cr betide, 
Buy it homo. 
Huy n borne, buy a home. 
Where ll.e south wind won* for their perfume 
Th-' wild p.st- nml alfalfa bloom; 
Where the jasmin.' and clematis climb; 
Whore grow the wild mint nod the I by roe; 
Whore ills wide ami f»r expanding plain 
Displays its wondrous wealth of grain — 
Buy 11 homo. 
Buy n home, buy a home. 
Lt I the reaper iu the early morn 
Begin the chorus in the com; 
Let the plowman shout it to his team. 
The frugal wife make it her theme; 
Let the artisan take up the strain, 
And pass the watchword on again— 
Buy a home. 
Buy a home, buy a home, 
let the bulls of learning in it find 
A thesis for the rising mind; 
L-t the parent to the child reveal 
The meaning full of the appeal; 
to t the eamp. th.' oontt and council hall 
Th.- words proclaim to one and all— 
liny u home. 
Boy a home, buy a home, 
Where the monarch cedar spremia on high 
ft* branch** in the aeitre sky; 
Where the mountain lako, to nature true, 
E« (to ts the far off heaven of blue; 
Where the forest's minstrels nil day long 
Their joyous melodies prolong— 
Buy a hom<>. 
Buy a home, buy a home, 
to t lii- pr.eeTor preach It O'er and o'er; 
'Twill fill the church from roof to floor. 
L-i tie- doctor, .» the friend of man, 
I'n'-e ril.r the words wlmne'cr he cun; 
Let th» lawyer, n« his brief In draws, 
l.elors. upon Ids client * <T*nw- ■*■ 
Buy a home. 
Buy a ln.me, buy a home, 
bet the poet w. ave it into song, 
T'hi orator the theme prolong; 
Let II... yuutu just turned to innuhood'a prime 
.bun in the chorh* of the time , 
L- t the plighted, trusting maid draw near, 
And whisper iu her lover’s .-nr 
Buy a borne. 
Buy a fionin, buy a home, 
\\ he), thr splendors ol till' cataract rise 
fo bear its greeting lo the shier, 
Where the I'OAH-itde glides down steeps of gr.. n, 
l.n.di tilting all ll.e sylvan »u i.. . 
Wlu .• the zuphyr at. ids from sunlit Iwwora, 
To Tm-e the -treiiin thro' reedi and flowtos, 
Buy n homo. 
Uny a home, buy a home, 
let the tlnancior note down with care, 
The words mean profit everywhors; 
to l tlie public pie-is, tlie 1.. 0pie's guide, 
•'lilt pass the wab'Uward far and wide; 
to l the legislator si eking fame 
Be lorn, the 1.01(1 laws and proclaim. 
Buy n home.. 
