144 
bulletin of the bureau of fisheries. 
6. Marginal teeth truncate, often (except in Micropogon) broader at end than in middle. 7 
Marginal teeth sharply or rather obtusely pointed.... . 12 
7. Circuli above the nucleus broad and sublongitudinal, so that the nucleus and adjacent circuli 
suggest a section of an onion.. 8 
Circuli above the nucleus transverse (concentric) or (in Orthopristis) evanescent. 10 
8. Scales much larger (about 8 mm. long and broad); elements of apical area with the median 
oblique rows about 12 or 13, but the inner ones poorly developed; basal radii about 9 or 10. 
Centropistes striatus (Linnaeus). Woods Hole, Mass. (Serranidae) 
Scales smaller (less than 4 mm. long), longer than broad; inner elements of apical area distinct 
(Serranidae). 9 
9. Scales 3 to nearly 4 mm. long. 
Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Steindachner). Guaymas, Mexico (Albatross) 
Scales ipi to 1^3 mm. long. .. .Paralabrax clathratus (Girard). San Diego Bay, Cal. (Albatross) 
10. Circuli above the nucleus lost, the surface finely roughened. 
Orthopristis chalceus (Gunther). Guaymas or Clarion Island (Albatross). (Haemulidae) 
Circuli above the nucleus distinct. 11 
11. Scale larger, up to over 10 mm. broad; elements of apical area in middle about 16 in a longi¬ 
tudinal series. Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus). (Sciaenidae) 
Scale smaller; elements of apical area in middle 8 or less in a longitudinal series. 
Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede. Florida. (Sciaenidae) 
12. Apical teeth very short, for the most part hardly so long as their distance apart. 13 
Apical teeth well developed. 14 
13. Apical teeth more or less bifid at tip; sculpture of apical area strong. 
Morone americana (Gmelin), fish nearly 8 inches long. (Serranidae) 
Apical teeth not bifid; sculpture of apical area weak. 
Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede). Falmouth, Mass. (Centrarchidae) 
14. Scales large, colorless, very broad (a well developed one about 11 mm. broad and 8 long), 
often inequilateral; basal radii very numerous (about 40) and close together; elements of 
apical area longitudinally ridged or keeled. 
Cyno scion regalis (Bloch & Schneider). Woods Hole, Mass. (Sciaenidae) 
Scales very large, quadrate, equilateral (a well developed one about 16 mm. long and 15% 
broad), orange-fulvous; basal radii very numerous (about 37, but many only in the 
peripheral area); circuli puncticulate; submarginal elements of apical area much longer 
than broad. Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch). (Lobotidae) 
Scales smaller and otherwise different; many very small. 15 
15. Base of scale very deeply crenate, many of the lobes as long as broad; basal radii 5 or 6; apical 
area with a marginal band in which the elements are very distinct, but mesad of this they 
are indistinct, the transition abrupt.' 
Perea flavescens (Mitchill). Falmouth, Mass. (Percidae) 
Base of scale not thus deeply crenate. 16 
16. Scales larger, fully 5 mm. long and broad; basal radii very numerous (about 28-32) and close 
together; basal circuli puncticulate. 
Roccus lineatus (Bloch). Woods Hole, Mass. (Serranidae) 
Scale much smaller; basal radii less than 20. 17 
17. Basal radii about 18. 
Hypohomus spilotus (Gilbert). Hector Creek, Kentucky. (Woolman). (Percidae) 
Basal radii usually less than 10 (9 to 11 in Neomcenis) . 18 
18. Submarginal elements of apical area much longer than broad. 19 
Submarginal elements of apical area mostly or all broader than long. 20 
19. Lateral circuli strongly curving inward above. 
Morone americana (Gmelin), fish 3 inches long. (Serranidae) 
Lateral circuli (except the innermost) hardly curving inward above. 
Neomcenis analis (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Katama Bay, Mass. (Lutianidae) 
20. Scales very small; apical teeth broad at base, rapidly tapering to very slender sharp points; 
basal radii 6 to 9. Boleosoma nigrum (Rafinesque). Osterville, Mass. (Percidae) 
Apical teeth conical, more regularly tapering.. 21 
21. Lateral circuli (except the innermost) directed obliquely outward above, so that if they were 
continued in a straight line below until they met, they would form a broad V; basal radii 
7 to 8. Brachydeuterus leuciscus (Gunther). San Juan Lagoon, 
Rio Ahoma, Mexico (Albatross). (Haemulidae) 
Lateral circuli (except the innermost) directed upward above. 22 
22. Submarginal elements of apical area appearing distinctly concave below (helmet-shaped); 
basal radii 8. 8 
Hcemulon steindachneri (Jordan & Gilbert). Gulf of California (Albatross). (Haemulidae) 
