xlvi 
INTRODUCTION 
Tyrannus verticalis : Arkansas Kingbird. — A kingbird is found at Port¬ 
land, but is rare, and the species not determined. 
Contopus borealis : Olive-sided Flycatcher. — Common in tall firs. 
Contopus richardsonii: Western Wood Pewee. — Very common every¬ 
where ; often seen in shade trees about the city. 
Empidonax difficilis: Western Flycatcher. — Probably taken in migra¬ 
tion. 
Empidonax traillii : Traill Flycatcher. — Very common in alder and 
vine maple thickets. 
Alauda arvensis: Skylark. — Introduced. Common in open fields on the 
east side of the river; not seen elsewhere. 
Otocoris alpestris strigata : Streaked Horned Lark. — Not uncommon in 
suitable localities. 
Pica pica hudsonica : American Magpie. — Not common; a few are found 
along the Columbia. 
Cyanocitta stelleri ; Steller Jay. — Common everywhere in the region of 
Portland. 
Aphelocoma calif arnica: California Jay. — Rare ; more common during 
migrations. 
Perisoreus obscurus : Oregon Jay, — Rare. 
Corvus caurinus : Northwest Crow (?). — Crows are abundant, but species 
not determined. 
Sturnus vulgaris : Starling. — Introduced ; still rare. 
Agelaius phceniceus caurinus: Northwestern Redwing. — More or less com¬ 
mon. 
Sturnella magna neglecta: Western Meadowlark. — Abundant resident. 
Icterus bullocki: Bullock Oriole. — Rather common in cottonwoods and 
oaks along the river. 
Scolecophagus cyanocephalus : Brewer Blackbird. — Abundant resident; 
more common in open fields. 
Coccothraustes vespertims montanus: Western Evening Grosbeak. — Abun¬ 
dant winter resident, flocking about the maples in the streets; remark¬ 
ably tame. 
Carpodacus purpureus californicus: California Purple Finch. — Common in 
fields about the city. 
Loxia curvirostra minor: Crossbill. — Rare. 
Astragalinus tristis salicamans: Willow Goldfinch. — Abundant. 
Astragalinus psaltria: Arkansas Goldfinch. — Not uncommon. 
Spinus pinus: Pine Siskin. — Not uncommon; nests about the city in 
large firs (?). 
Passer domesticus: English sparrow. — Abundant in the city. 
Pocecetes gramineus affinis: Oregon Vesper Sparrow. — Common in open 
fields. 
Ammodramus sandwichensis : Sandwich Sparrow. — Specimens taken dur¬ 
ing migrations were nearer this form than any other, but not typical. 
Ammodramus sandwichensis alaudinus : Western Savanna Sparrow. — Com¬ 
mon in cultivated fields. 
Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii: Gambel Sparrow. — Common during mi¬ 
grations. 
Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli: Nuttall Sparrow. — Abundant summer 
resident; nests in thickets and low brush. 
Zonotrichia coronata : Golden-crowned Sparrow. — Common during migra¬ 
tion for a few days. 
Spizella socialis arizonce: Western Chipping Sparrow.—Abundant sum¬ 
mer resident. 
Junco hyemalis oregams: Oregon Junco. — Abundant resident. 
