348 FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 
deep black, sharply contrasting with light brown of back; sides buffy rather 
than pink; young resembling oreganus , but 
upper parts lighter. Male: length (skins) 
5.32-5.95, wing 2.94-3.12, tail 2.48-2.68, bill 
.40-.46. Female: length (skins) 5.00-5.67, 
wing 2.82-2.94, tail 2.38-2.56, bill .41-.43. 
Distribution. — Breeds from southern Oregon south through the Sierra 
Nevada, desert, and coast ranges, probably to northern Lower California; 
straggles to Arizona in winter. Migration mainly vertical. 
Nest. — On the ground, usually under a weed or bush or in a bank, 
made largely of fine grass and other plant stems, shreds of inner bark, 
lined with vegetable fibers and long porcupine or horse hairs. 
567d. J. h. pinosus Loomis. Point Pinos Junco. 
Like thurberi, but black replaced by slaty on sides of head and throat ; 
bill longer, general dimensions somewhat less. Young much more strongly 
tinged with buff below. Male: length (skins) 5.00-5.49, wing 2.40-2.90, 
tail 2.30-2.55, bill .40-.45. Female: length (skins) 4.90-5.65, wing 2.62- 
2.79, tail 2.31-2.39, bill .40-.45. 
Distribution. — Southern coast range of California (Point Pinos, near 
Monterey). 
Nest. — As described by Emerson, in a slight hollow at the foot of a 
bunch of grass, made of leaves and lined with dead grass and a few cow 
hairs. 
567.1. Junco montanus Ridgw. Montana Junco: Mountain 
Junco. 
Adult male. — Head, neck, and chest slate color; back dull light brown; 
sides pale pinkish ; belly white ; outer tail feathers largely white. Adult 
female: similar, but duller, and brown of back extending up over crown. 
Adults in winter : plumage softer. Young in first winter: similar to winter 
adults, but duller, feathers edged largely with brownish. Male: length 
(skins) 5.49-6.00, wing 3.02-3.28, tail 2.58-2.78, bill .39-.44. Female: 
length (skins) 5.25-5.69, wing 2.88-3.03, tail 2.35-2.65, bill .39-.44. 
Remarks. — Montanus resembles connectens, but is paler. It also sug¬ 
gests mearnsi , but its wings and tail are shorter, and the color of the 
head, neck, and chest darker. 
Distribution. — Breeds from Alberta south to Montana and Idaho ; win¬ 
ters south to Texas, Arizona, and Chihuahua, Mexico; irregularly or 
casually to the Mississippi Valley and eastward. 
568. Junco mearnsi Ridgw. Pink-sided Junco. 
Adult male. — Head, neck, and chest clear light slaty gray ; sides exten¬ 
sively pink ; lores blackish ; back and scapulars dull brown. Adult female : 
similar, but brown of back extending up on crown; sides less pinkish. 
Young: head and back brownish, streaked with blackish; wings with 
brownish bars ; under parts streaked, on buffy or grayish ground. Male : 
length (skins) 5.67-6.11, wing 3.14-3.34, tail 2.64-2.89, bill .40-.45. Fe¬ 
male : length (skins) 5.43-5.94, wing 2.90-3.37, tail 2.59-2.90, bill .40-45. 
Distribution. — Breeds in Rocky Mountain region of Idaho and Mon¬ 
tana ; migrates to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. 
568.1. Junco annectens Baird. Ridgway Junco. 
Similar to caniceps , but with sides and flanks pinkish vinaceous as in 
mearnsi. Length : 6.40, wing 3.13, tail 3.05, bill .47. 
Fig. 436. Thurber Junco. 
