410 
WOOD WARBLERS 
8. Upper parts bright green, unstreaked. Eastern United 
States.virens, p. 420. 
8'. Upper parts dull green^ streaked, townsendi, p. 421. 
4'. Neither sides of head nor throat marked with bright lemon yel¬ 
low. 
5. Upper parts olive brown or greenish. 
6. Upper parts olive brown. Eastern United States. 
palmarum, p. 422. 
6'. Upper parts greenish. 
7. Wings and tail edged with greenish. Eastern United States. 
rara, p. 416. 
7'. Wings and tail not edged with green. 
8. Under parts greenish buff . . caerulescens, p. 412. 
5'. Upper parts neither olive brown nor greenish. 
6. Head with yellow or orange crown patch. 
blackburniae, p. 417. 
6'. Whole head buffy yellow. New Mexico and Arizona. 
olivacea, p. 410. 
Subgenus Peucedramus. 
661. Dendroica olivacea (Giraud). Olive Warbler. 
Adult male in summer. — Head , neck , and chest orange brown , sometimes 
tinged with olive; belly soiled whitish; lores 
and ear coverts black; nape olive, sometimes 
extending over back of head; rest of upper 
parts gray; wings with two white bars and white 
patch at base of primaries; tail with two outer 
pairs of feathers mainly white. Adult female in summer and male of second 
year: crown and hind neck olive green; sides of throat and chest yellowish, 
throat sometimes nearly white ; lores grayish; wing bars narrower than in 
adult male ; white spot at base of primaries smaller, sometimes obsolete. 
Adult male in winter: like summer male, but head, neck, and chest duller, 
more clay color ; sides and flanks browner; back more olivaceous. Adult 
female in winter: like summer female, but plumage softer in texture and 
posterior wing band more or less tinged with yellowish. Young male, first 
plumage : like adult female, but upper parts dull olive or brownish olive ; 
sides of head and neck dull buffy, neck tinged with olive ; throat and chest 
buffy. Young female , first plumage: like young male, but paler. Male: 
length (skins) 4.45-5.08, wing 2.84-3.07, tail 1.97-2.20, bill .36-.47. Fe¬ 
male: length (skins) 4.33-4.92, wing 2.64-2.87, tail 1.86-2.09, bill .35-.47. 
Distribution. — Breeds in Upper Transition and Canadian zones from 
mountains of New Mexico and Arizona south to Guatemala. 
Nest. — In fork of a conifer, 30 to 50 feet from the ground, made some¬ 
times like a gnatcatcher’s nest, of rootlets, flower stalks, moss, lichens, or 
fir blossoms and spider’s web, lined with rootlets. Eggs: 3 or 4, olive 
gray or sage green, thickly covered with black specks, sometimes almost 
obscuring the ground color. 
Mr. Scott found the olive warblers in southern Arizona associated 
with Mexican bluebirds in the pines. In looking for food, he says, 
their motions were very deliberate, though occasionally suggesting 
kinglets or titmice in their way of hunting over the tips of the 
boughs. 
Mr. W. W. Price found them breeding in the mountains of Ari- 
Fig. 519. 
