FALCONS, HAWKS, EAGLES, ETC. 
153 
12 inches. Adults: under parts with 
whitish ground uniformly covered with 
finely penciled gray zigzags , touched up 
with dark shaft streaks; upper parts 
dark bluish gray , with black shaft streaks, 
and becoming black on head ; tail bluish 
gray, more or less tipped with white and 
crossed by about four dusky bands, 
sometimes obsolete on the upper sur¬ 
face. Young: upper parts dull brown, 
head and neck streaked with buffy sal¬ 
mon, and rest of upper parts spotted and 
edged with pale buffy and whitish; 
under parts bright buffy, broadly 
streaked with dark brown. Male: 
length 22.00, wing 12.00-13.25, tail 9.50- 
10.50. Female : length 24.50, wing 13.50- 
14.25, tail 11.50-12.75. 
Distribution. — Breeds in northern and 
eastern North America, chiefly north of 
the United States but west to eastern 
parts of Washington and Oregon, and 
south in the Rocky Mountains as far as 
central New Mexico. 
Nest. — Placed high up in a large 
tree, generally an evergreen, a bulky compact mass of twigs, lined with 
soft inner bark, weed stalks, or leaves, surrounded by loosely arranged 
sticks. Eggs : 2 to 5, pale bluish white, unspotted. 
Food. — Rabbits and other rodents, but mainly poultry, ducks, grouse, 
and smaller birds. 
From Biological Survey, U. S. Dept. 
Agriculture. 
Fig. 224. Goshawk. 
As the goshawk breeds in the mountains or in the far north it is 
little in evidence except in winter, but then it comes down into the 
valleys and even out over the deep snow of the middle prairies. 
Game birds and poultry suffer more from it than from any hawk, 
and its rapid flight, size, strength, and daring combine to make it 
the most destructive of the American birds of prey. 
334a. A. a. striatulus Ridgw. Western Goshawk. 
Like A. atricapillus but darker ; upper parts from dark bluish gray to 
sooty black; under parts dark gray, more heavily mottled, and marked 
with dark shaft streaks; belly and thighs barred. Young: upper parts 
brownish black, with buffy and rusty streakings and edgings; stripes on 
lower parts broader than in A. atricapillus , and deep black; tail with four 
blackish bands. 
Distribution. — From Sitka south to California and Idaho, and east to 
Colorado. 
Nest. — In tall trees, made of sticks lined with juniper or other bark, 
grass, tree moss, weed stalks, and pine needles. Eggs: 3 to 5, indistin¬ 
guishable from those of A. atricapillus. 
Food. — Especially game birds, such as sooty, ruffed, and sharp-tailed 
grouse. 
‘ ‘ According to my observations, the general habits of the western 
